Perbedaan kadar Hb ibu post partum pada ibu yang waktu hamil mendapat suplementasi Fe dengan supervisi bidan dan suami di Kabupaten Bantul

BARANG, Sahiba Daeng, dr. Hamam Hadi, MS.Sc.D

2002 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Ibu menyusui (post Partum) merupakan salah satu kelompok rawan gizi. Pada masa menyusui ibu sedang mengalami pemulihan setelah melahirkan, menyusui bayinya dan harus memenuhi kebutuhan ibu sendiri. Pada saat ibu berumur 4 dan 6 bulan post partum cadangan zat-zat gizi terutama Fe mulai berkurang sehingga akan dapat menyebabkan anemia gizi. Prevalensi anemia gizi pada ibu menyusui berdasarkan SKRT 1995 masih tinggi yaitu 45,1%. Perlunya konsumsi Fe disupervisi Bidan dan Suami, agar ibu hamil selalu ingat minum tablet Fe yang diberikan. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar Hb post partum 4 dan 6 bulan antara supervisi bidan, supervisi suami dan kontrol. Kancangan Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional, dengan rancangan Quasr Experrment Non Equivalent Two Groups. Penelitian ini adalah bagan lanjutan dari penelitian BANPO Ha&, dkk (2001). Subyek penelitian ini adalah semua ibu post partwn pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelornpok kontrol yang pada saat penelitian, ibu telah melahirkan anaknya 4 bulan yang yang lalu dan bersedia menjadi responden. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah kadar Hb ibu post partum 4 dan 6 bulan, asupan zat p i (eqergi, protein, vit C dan Fe) dan data sosial ekonomi (pendidikan, pekerjaan dan pendapatan), dan paritas. Pemeriksaan kadar Hb dilakukan dengan metode CyanmethemogZobin, penentuan asupan zat gizi dilakukan dengan FFQ. Analisa data dilakukan secara disknptif dan analitik dengan uji Anova dan uji regresi berganda dengan program SPSS 10 dan stata 6. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bennakna (p > 0,OS) rata-rata kadar Hb baik 4 bulan maupun 6 bulan post partum dan perubahan kackdr Hb dari 4 bulaii ke 6 bulan antara supervisi bidan, supervisi suami dan kontrol Sedangkan berdasarkan hail uji regresi berganda ternyata supervisi suami dibanding supervisi bidan memberikan pengaruh terhadap perubahan kadar Hb ibu post partum dan 4 bulan ke 6 bulan, bahkan supervisi suami memberikan pengaruh yang lebih besar terhadap perubahan kadar Hb. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan kadar Hb antara supervisi Bidan dan kontrol serta supervisi Suami dan kontrol, tetapi ada pengaruh perubahan kadar Hb 4 bulan ke 6 bulan antara yang disupervisi suami riibanding supervisi bidan.'

Backround : Post partum mothers are included in nutntional high-risk group. They are in the phase of recovery after delivery and breasfeeding. In the age of 4 and 6 months of breasfeeding, the reserverved nutrition, especially iron, start to decrease, and it might cause nutritional anemia. According to SKRT 1995, the prevalence of nutritional anemia of breasfed mothers is still high, namely 45.1% Obiective : The study was proposed to know the difference of haemoglobin level among post partum mothers aged 4 and 6 months whose supervised by mid-wife, husband, and control Studv Design : This study was observational with Quasi Experiment Non Equivalent Two Groups and as a follow up study of BANPO by Hadi et.al., (2001). Subjects were post partum mothers included in treatment and non treatment groups who had delivered in the last 4 months and obtained iron supplementation during pregnancy. Data collected were haemoglobin level, nutrition intake (energy, protein, vitamin C, and iron), education, job, and income. Hb level examined with Cyanmethemoglobin method, and food intake level were determined using FFQ. Data was analysed descriptively and analytically using Anova and multivariate regression of the SPSS 10.0 and stata 6. - Results : Anova showed that there was no significant difference (PcO.05) on the averaze of Hb level as well as on the change of I% level from 4 months to 6 months post partum among those supervised by midwife, husband and control. Multivariate regression found that supervision by husband compared to those by midwife had influenced the change of Hb level from 4 to 6 months post partum. Moreover, supervision by husband had a bigger influence to the change of Hb level. Conclusion : There was no sigmficant difference of Hb level between post partum mothers supervised by midwife and control, as well as between husband and control. However, there was an influence on the change of Hb level from 4 to 6 months post partum between those supervised by husband compared to midwife.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Wanita Hamil,Suplementasi Fe,Kadar HB,Supervisi Bidan dan Suami, supervision, haemoglobin level, anemia, post partum