KARAKTERISASI PERFORMA AERODINAMIS AIRFOIL S1210 MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS PADA BILANGAN REYNOLDS 10.000 HINGGA 100.000

IFANA FUTRAMSYAH, Ir. Kutut Suryopratomo, M.T., M.Sc.; Dr. Ir. Andang Widi Harto, M.T.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK FISIKA

Pengembangan energi angin di Indonesia tergolong rendah. Hal ini karena kecepatan angin rata-rata tahunan dalam rentang 3-6 m/s, sehingga sulit menghasilkan energi listrik skala besar. Potensi angin Indonesia cocok untuk pengembangan turbin angin skala mikro yang menyediakan daya untuk berbagai jenis sensor. Performa aerodinamis airfoil adalah hal mendasar yang memengaruhi nilai efisiensi turbin angin. Performa aerodinamis airfoil diwakili oleh koefisien gaya angkat (CL), koefisien gaya hambat (CD) dan glide ratio (GR). Beberapa penelitian mengenai performa aerodinamis airfoil S1210 telah dilakukan namun masih pada bilangan Reynolds diatas 100.000. Penelitian ini melakukan uji performa aerodinamis airfoil S1210 pada bilangan Reynolds (Re) 10.000 hingga 100.000. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode CFD dua dimensi (2D) untuk mendapatkan data nilai CL, CD dan GR. Pembuatan domain komputasional CFD dan validasi data numerik mengacu pada uji eksperimental airfoil S1210 di Universitas Illnois Urbana-Champaign. Hasil penelitian didapatkan data karakteristik performa aerodinamis berupa nilai CL, CD dan GR pada tujuh bilangan Re yaitu: 100.000, 90.000, 80.000, 60.000, 40.000, 20.000, dan 10.000. didapatkan juga nilai sudut optimal (alfa optimal) dengan GR tertinggi sebesar 4,22 pada bilangan Re 100.000 hingga 20.000 dan 3,07 pada bilangan Re 10.000.

Wind energy development in Indonesia is still low. This is because the annual average wind speed is 3-6 m/s making it difficult to produce large-scale electrical energy. The potential of Indonesian wind is suitable for developing micro-scale wind turbines that provide power for various types of sensors. The aerodynamic performance of the airfoil is the fundamental thing that affects the efficiency of the wind turbine. Aerodynamic performance of airfoil is represented by coefficient of lift (CL), coefficient of drag (CD) and glide ratio (GR). Several studies about aerodynamic performance of the S1210 airfoil have been carried out, but still at Reynolds numbers above 100,000. This study conducted a test of the aerodynamic performance of the S1210 airfoil at Reynolds number (Re) 10,000 to 100,000. The study was conducted using the two-dimensional (2D) CFD method to obtain data of CL, CD and GR. CFD computational domain creation and numerical data validation refers to the experimental S1210 airfoil test at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. The results of the research obtained aerodynamic performance characteristics data in the form of CL, CD and GR values at seven Reynolds Number: 100,000, 90,000, 80,000, 60,000, 40,000, 20,000 and 10,000. Also, the optimal angle value (alfa optimum) with highest GR is 4,22 in Reynolds Number 100.000 to 20.000 and 3,07 at Reynolds Number 10.000.

Kata Kunci : Airfoil S1210, CFD, Aerodinamis, Koefisien Gaya Angkat, Koefisien Gaya Hambat