Dampak Non-Ekonomi dan Willingness to Accept Masyarakat di Sekitar Penambangan Pasir Desa Banaran dan Desa Poncosari

RIZKA WIDYANTARI, Dr. Rika Harini, S.Si., M.P.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Kegiatan penambangan pasir berpotensi menimbulkan dampak positif maupun negatif terhadap masyarakat maupun lingkungan. Salah satu lokasi tambang pasir Sungai Progo bervolume tambang besar terletak di hilir sungai, yaitu di Desa Banaran dan Desa Poncosari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) Mengetahui dampak non-ekonomi yang dirasakan masyarakat di Desa Banaran dan Desa Poncosari akibat penambangan pasir di hilir Sungai Progo, dan (2) Mengestimasi nilai kompensasi yang ingin diterima (willingness to accept) masyarakat terdampak penambangan pasir di Desa Banaran dan Desa Poncosari. Penelitian mengenai dampak non-ekonomi yang dirasakan masyarakat dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer melalui wawancara terstruktur kepada 87 KK, observasi, dan studi literatur. Dampak non-ekonomi diidentifikasi menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan SPSS serta skoring data Likert. Analisis nilai dan kesediaan menerima dana kompensasi atau Willingness to Accept (WTA) masyarakat diketahui dengan pendekatan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) dengan regresi linear berganda, serta tabulasi silang. Masyarakat di Desa Banaran lebih merasakan dampak penambangan pasir dibandingkan masyarakat Desa Poncosari. Aspek kenyamanan di Desa Banaran tergolong terdampak sangat berat, sementara aspek lingkungan dan sosial tergolong terdampak berat. Dampak yang paling dirasakan masyarakat di Desa Banaran yaitu jalan menjadi berdebu, berlubang/becek, serta mengganggu kenyamanan beraktivitas. Sementara itu, aspek kenyamanan di Desa Poncosari tergolong terdampak sedang, sedangkan aspek lingkungan dan sosial tergolong terdampak berat. Dampak yang paling dirasakan masyarakat di Desa Poncosari yaitu penurunan muka airtanah. Rata-rata nilai kompensasi yang ingin diterima (WTA) masyarakat di Desa Banaran yaitu Rp.271.142,00/bulan, dan memiliki nilai tengah WTA yaitu Rp.200.000,00. Nilai rata-rata WTA di Desa Poncosari sebesar Rp.186.818,00/bulan, dan memiliki nilai tengah WTA yaitu Rp.110.000,00. Perbedaan besaran kompensasi tersebut disebabkan oleh operasional penambangan pasir yang berbeda kuantitasnya.

Sand mining activities have both positive and negative impacts on the community and the environment. One of the locations of the Progo River sand mine with a large mining volume is located downstream of the river, namely in Banaran Village and Poncosari Village. This study aims to (1) knowing the non-economic impacts felt by the community in Banaran and Poncosari villages due to sand mining of the Progo River downstream, and (2) estimate the value of compensation to be willing to accept (willingness to accept) by the community affected by sand mining in Banaran and Poncosari villages. Research on non-economic impacts felt by the community was conducted by collecting primary data through structured interviews with 87 households, observation, and literature studies. Non-economic impacts are identified using quantitative analysis with SPSS and Likert data scoring. The analysis of the value and willingness to accept is known by the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) approach with multiple linear regression and cross-tabulation. The people in Banaran Village feel the impact of sand mining more than the people of Poncosari Village. The comfort aspect in Banaran Village is classified as very severely affected, while the environmental and social aspects are classified as being severely affected. The impact felt by the community in Banaran Village is that the roads become dusty, have holes / muddy, and the comfort of doing activities. Meanwhile, the comfort aspect in Poncosari Village was classified as being moderately affected, while the environmental and social aspects are severely affected. The most felt impact of the people in Poncosari Village is the decrease in the level of groundwater. The average value of compensation that people want to receive (WTA) in Banaran Village is Rp.271.142,00/month and has a WTA middle value of Rp.200.000,00. The average WTA value in Poncosari Village is Rp.186.818,00/month and has a WTA middle value of Rp.110.000,00. The difference in the amount of compensation is due to the different quantity of sand mining operations.

Kata Kunci : Dampak Non-ekonomi, Penambangan Pasir, Willingness to Accept (WTA), Contingent Valuation Method (CVM).