Penguatan Kapasitas Politik Representasi Perempuan Melalui Organisasi Perempuan Sayap Partai Politik: Kajian atas PUAN (PAN), Garnita Malahayati (NasDem), dan KPPG (Golkar)

DZIKRINA AZKIA N, Amalinda Savirani, PhD

2020 | Skripsi | S1 POLITIK DAN PEMERINTAHAN

Representasi perempuan dalam lembaga perwakilan rakyat memiliki beberapa persoalan dasar; seperti belum maksimalnya keterwakilan mereka secara substantif. Pasca reformasi, kesadaran akan pentingnya mengoptimalkan representasi Perempuan dimulai dengan menghadirkan Undang-Undang yang mengatur tentang kebijakan afirmatif 30% bagi perempuan dalam lembaga perwakilan. Rumusan masalah yang digunakan adalah melihat bagaimana peran organisasi perempuan sayap partai yakni PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, dan KPPG sebagai bentuk saluran representasi, serta strategi yang mereka gunakan dalam Pemilihan Legislatif 2019? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori representasi Pitkin sebagai landasan penelitian, yang di dalamnya memuat beberapa konsep penting seperti representasi simbolik, deskriptif, formalistik dan substantif yang berguna untuk menjelaskan fenomena di atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dan pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur kemudian didukung dengan hasil wawancara dengan narasumber terkait. Berdasarkan hasil olah data yang telah peneliti lakukan, maka peran PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, dan KPPG serta strategi mereka dalam Pileg 2019 dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (a) peran organisasi perempuan sayap partai bergantung pada sejarah berdirinya dan tujuan partai; b) berdasarkan perspektif pemikiran Pitkin, representasi sayap partai (PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, dan KPPG) masih berada di ranah deskriptif; c) upaya representasi di lembaga perwakilan melalui Pileg 2019 cenderung menjadikan sayap partai hanya sebagai lumbung suara.

The representation of women in peoples representative institutions has several basic problems; as if their representation has not been maximally maximized. Post-reform, awareness of the importance of optimizing womens representation began with the issuance of a law that regulates 30 (percent) affirmative policies for women in representative institutions. The formulation of the problem used is to see how the role of party wing womens organizations, namely PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, and KPPG as a form of representation channel, as well as the strategies they used in the legislative election 2019? To answer this question, the writer uses Pitkins theory of representation as the basis of the research, which contains several important concepts such as symbolic, descriptive, formalistic, and substantive representation that are useful for explaining the above phenomena. This study used an approach and data collection in the form of literature studies and then supported by interviews with related sources. Based on the results of data processing that the researchers have done, the roles of PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, and KPPG, and their strategies in the legislative election 2019 can be concluded that: a) the role of womens party wing organizations depends on the history of the establishment and the goals of the party; b) based on Pitkins perspective representation of party wings (PUAN, Garnita Malahayati, and KPPG) is still in the descriptive area; c) representation efforts in representative institutions through the legislative election in 2019 tends to make the partys wings only as the source of voters vote.

Kata Kunci : Representasi Politik Perempuan; Peran Organisasi Perempuan Sayap Partai; Strategi Pileg 2019