Pengaruh Macam Herbisida Sistemik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Gulma di Pertanaman Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Pada Fase Vegetatif

MAYA PRADIPTA S S, Ir. Rohlan Rogomulyo, M. P.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 AGRONOMI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh macam herbisida sistemik terhadap pertumbuhan gulma di pertanaman nanas pada fase vegetatif serta menentukan perlakuan herbisida sistemik dengan dosis tepat untuk menekan pertumbuhan gulma secara efektif di PT Great Giant Pineapple. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan November 2019 hingga Januari 2020 di perkebunan nanas di lokasi 86F Research and Development PT Great Giant Pineapple, Desa Lempuyang Bandar, Kelurahan Way Pangubuan, Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, Lampung. Percobaan lapangan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan faktor tunggal dan terdiri dari tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan P1 (Kontrol), P2 (Manual), P3 (Bromacil 0,5 kg/ha), P4 (Bromacil 1,0 kg/ha), P5 (Bromacil 1,5 kg/ha), P6 (Bromacil 2,0 kg/ha), P7 (Diuron 0,5 kg/ha), P8 (Diuron 1,0 kg/ha), P9 (Diuron 1,5 kg/ha), dan P10 (Diuron 2,0 kg/ha). Variabel yang diukur mencakup iklim mikro, pertumbuhan pada nanas, fitotoksisitas pada tanaman nanas, analisis vegetasi gulma, gejala dan nilai keracunan gulma, persentase penutupan gulma, bobot kering gulma, SDR, dan nilai C (komunitas). Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis varian (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji HSD Tukey�s jika terdapat beda nyata antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian memberikan informasi bahwa hebrisida sistemik baik bromacil maupun diuron efektif menekan pertumbuhan gulma hingga 6 minggu setelah aplikasi (msa) serta tidak menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman nanas pada fase vegetaif. Adapun pada variabel persentase penutupan gulma, perlakuan P6 (Bromacil 2,0 kg/ha) dan P10 (Diuron 2,0 kg/ha) memiliki angka penutupan gulma terkecil pada 6 msa yakni secara berurutan 13,33% dan 20,00%. Pada variabel presentase keracunan gulma pada bromacil dan diuron dosis yang sama (2,0 kg/ha) didapatkan secara berurutan 80,00% dan 63,33%.

This study aims to determine the effect of various systemic herbicides on the growth of weed in pineapple plantation in vegetative phase and to determine the systemic herbicide treatment with the right dose to suppress weed growth effectively at PT Great Giant Pineapple. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 at a pineapple plantation at the location 86F Research and Development of PT Great Giant Pineapple, Lempuyang Bandar Village, Way Pangubuan Village, Terbanggi Besar District, Central Lampung Regency, Lampung. Field experiments were arranged using a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with a single factor and consisted of three replications. The treatments given were P1 (Control), P2 (Manual), P3 (Bromacil 0.5 kg / ha), P4 (Bromacil 1.0 kg / ha), P5 (Bromacil 1.5 kg / ha), P6 (Bromacil 2.0 kg / ha), P7 (Diuron 0.5 kg / ha), P8 (Diuron 1.0 kg / ha), P9 (Diuron 1.5 kg / ha), and P10 (Diuron 2.0 kg / ha ). The variables measured included microclimate, growth in pineapples, phytotoxicity in pineapple plants, analysis of weed vegetation, symptoms and values of weed poisoning, percentage of weed cover, weed dry weight, SDR, and C value (community). The data obtained were then analyzed for variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level and continued with the Tukey's HSD test if there was a significant difference between treatments. The results of the study provided information that both bromacil and diuron systemic hygienicides were effective in suppressing weed growth for up to 6 weeks after application (wap) and did not inhibit the growth of pineapple plants in the vegetaif phase. As for the variable weed cover percentage, treatment P6 (Bromacil 2.0 kg / ha) and P10 (Diuron 2.0 kg / ha) had the smallest weed cover rates at 6 wap, namely 13.33% and 20.00%, respectively. In the variable percentage of weed poisoning at the same dose of bromacil and diuron (2.0 kg / ha) was obtained, respectively, 80.00% and 63.33%.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci : bromacil, diuron, gulma, nanas.