IDEOLOGI IMIGRASI PRESIDEN DONALD J. TRUMP: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS

YOLLA SHINTA NOER A, Dr. B.R. Suryo Baskoro, M.S.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

INTISARI Presiden Donald J. Trump diketahui memiliki berbagai pemikiran baru terkait kebijakan imigrasi, begitu juga dengan perspektifnya terhadap migran dan imigran ilegal di Amerika maupun di perbatasan Amerika. Rencananya dalam ranah imigrasi banyak menuai pro dan kontra, namun tak menghentikan langkahnya untuk terus mencapai tujuan. Penelitian ini, membahas ideologi imigrasi Presiden Trump melalui telaah strategi tekstual, proses produksi teks, dan praktik sosial dalam tiga pidato kebijakan imigrasi presiden Donald J. Trump. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian mixed methods dengan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis Fairclough (2013). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsistensi penggunaan unsur-unsur tekstual tertentu dalam tiga teks wacana kebijakan imigrasi presiden Trump yang mengantarkan pada pemahaman terkait bagaimana Trump menyampaikan ideologinya. Cerminan arah ideologi terhadap imigrasi terlihat dengan adanya penggunaan aspek-aspek tekstual seperti transitivitas, modus dan modalitas, serta pengembangan tematik. Dalam proses produksi teks wacana kebijakan imigrasi presiden Donald J. Trump ditemukan adanya keterkaitan dengan teks wacana lain, baik teks wacana yang pernah diutarakan Donald Trump sebelumnya ataupun teks wacana lain dan adanya indikasi campur tangan orang lain dalam penyusunan wacana kebijakan imigrasi. Ideologi yang muncul dalam wacana kebijakan imigrasi merupakan realisasi cara pandang Trump terhadap permasalahan yang ada serta opininya atas migran dan imigran ilegal di Amerika. Konsep ideologi yang dikemukakan Trump diantaranya mengutamakan Amerika, Amerika yang lebih baik, migran dan imigran ilegal adalah buruk.

ABSTRACT Donald J. Trump is known as the President who has so many plans related to immigration policy, as well as "uncommon" opinion about illegal migrant and immigrant both in the United States and its border. Trump's plan in immigration is reaping many pros and cons, but it did not stop his steps to achieve his goals. This research aims to analyze immigration ideology of Trump through the textual aspects, the process of producing text, and the social practices in president Trump's immigration policy speeches. This is a mixed methods research, which applied Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach (2013). The analysis shows that there is consistency in the use of certain textual elements in the three texts of Trump's immigration policy speeches which lead to the understanding on how Trump delivered his ideology. Ideological value of Trump's towards immigration indicated by the used of textual aspects such as transitivity system, mood and modality, and thematic structure. In text production process, it was found that there are correlations between new text and the previous text, either discourse that Donald Trump's had previously stated or other discourses. It was also found that there is another person's contribution in formulating the immigration policy discourses. Ideology in Trump's immigration policy discourses portrayed the realization of his perspective towards immigration issues and his opinion towards illegal migrants and immigrants in the US. The concepts of ideology delivered by Trump's are prioritizing America, the better America, and illegal migrants and immigrants are bad.

Kata Kunci : Analisis Wacana Kritis, Imigrasi, Donald J. Trump, Ideologi, Kebijakan.