DAMPAK INVESTASI ASING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN, LISTRIK, DAN TRANSPORTASI DI INDONESIA

EUNIKE IMMANUELLA B, Amirullah Setya Hardi, S.E.,Cand.Oecon.,Ph.D.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU EKONOMI

Penelitian empiris yang bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh foreign direct investment terhadap tenaga kerja di sektor pertambangan; tenaga kerja sektor listrik, air dan gas; tenaga kerja sektor transportasi, pergudangan dan telekomunikasi serta pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia selama periode tahun 1989-2017. Penelitian yang mengaplikaslikan Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model untuk melihat hubungan jangka panjang antara foreign direct investment terhadap tenaga kerja di sektor pertambangan; tenaga kerja sektor listrik, air dan gas; tenaga kerja sektor transportasi, pergudangan dan telekomunikasi serta pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pendekatan VECM-Granger Causality digunakan untuk mendeteksi hubungan jangka pendek serta arah hubungan kausalitas. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa foreign direct investment hanya berpengaruh terhadap tenaga kerja sektor pertambangan dan sektor listrik, air dan gas dalam jangka pendek serta berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi namun tidak berpengaruh dalam jangka panjang. Pada VECM Granger Causality ditemukan adanya hubungan kausalitas searah dalam jangka pendek antara foreign direct investment terhadap tenaga kerja sektor pertambangan dan tenaga kerja sektor listrik, air dan gas juga pertumbuhan ekonomi. Selain itu, adanya hubungan kausalitas dua arah antara tenaga kerja sektor pertambangan dan sektor transportasi, pergudangan dan telekomunikasi dalam jangka pendek. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan diberikan untuk meningkatkan investasi asing masuk ke Indonesia serta bagi tenaga kerja.

The study empirically investigating the effect of foreign direct investment on labor in the mining sector; electricity, water and gas sector labor; transportation, storage and telecommunications sector and economic growth in Indonesia during the 1989-2017 period. The study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for the long-run relationship between foreign direct investment and labor in the mining sector; electricity, water and gas sector labor; transportation, storage and telecommunications sector and economic growth. The VECM-Granger Causality approach is used to detect short-run relationships and the direction of causality. This study confirmed that foreign direct investment only affects the workforce of the mining sector and the electricity, water and gas sector and economic growth in the short-run but does not affect in the long-run. The VECM Granger Causality analysis found that unidirectional causality relationship in the short-run between foreign direct investment towards the mining sector workers and the electricity, water and gas sector and economic growth. In addition, there is found bidirectional relationship between labors in the mining sector and the transportation, storage and telecommunications sectors in the short-run. Some policy recommendations were given to increase foreign investment entering Indonesia and for the labor.

Kata Kunci : foreign direct investment, tenaga kerja, pertumbuhan ekonomi, ARDL, VECM, Indonesia