PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS REGIMEN TERAPI ANTIPSIKOTIK PASIEN SCHIZOPHRENIA DI RSJ DR. ERNALDI BAHAR PALEMBANG

SAHARUDDIN, Prof. Dr. Zullies Ikawati, Apt.; dr. Cecep Sugeng Kristanto, Sp.KJ (K).

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER FARMASI KLINIK

Penatalaksanaan schizophrenia menawarkan berbagai macam metode baik dengan terapi nonfarmakologi maupun farmakologi. Terapi farmakologi dengan antipsikotik merupakan terapi pokok dalam penatalaksanaan schizophrenia. Namun, efektivitas antara regimen antipsikotik masih menjadi perdebatan. Sehingga penting untuk mengetahui efektivitas suatu regimen terapi pengobatan schizophrenia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas tiga (3) regimen terapi antipsikotik terbesar yang digunakan pada pasien schizophrenia di RSJ dr. Ernaldi Bahar Palembang. Rancangan penelitian ini Cohort Prospective pre post test menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner penelitian The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) untuk mengukur efektivitas regimen terapi antipsikotik yang diamati selama 1 bulan pengobatan. Data diambil di Poliklinik Rawat Jalan RSJ dr. Ernaldi Bahar Palembang bulan Maret April 2020. Uji chi-square digunakan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas regiman terapi antipsikotik, analisis bivariate (uji chi-square) dan multivariate (uji logistic regresion) digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sosiodemografi terhadap efektivitas regimen terapi antipsiotik. Hasil analisis pola peresepan dari 451 pasien yang terdiagnosa schizophrenia diperoleh 35 jenis pola peresepan antipsikotik pada semua pasien. Dipilih tiga (3) regimen antipsikotik yang terbanyak digunakan untuk dianalisis efektivitasnya yaitu regimen monoterapi risperidon (n=59), kombinasi risperidon-klorpomazin (n=59) dan kombinasi risperidon-klozapin (n=59). Sebanyak 40 (67,8%) pasien yang menerima monoterapi risperidon mengalami perbaikan klinik, kemudian kombinasi risperidon-klozapin 39 (66,1%) pasien dan risperidon-klorpromazin 31 (52,5%) pasien. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna efektivitas antara regimen terapi antipsikotik dengan nilai signifikan p>0,05 (p=0,173).

The Management of Schizophrenia offers a variety methods both with non pharmacological and pharmacological therapies. Pharmacological therapy with antipsychotics is the principal of management schizophrenia therapy. However, effectiveness between the antipsychotics regimen remains debated. therefore, it's important to know the effectiveness of a regimen therapeutic schizophrenia. This research aims to see the comparison of the effectiveness of three (3) most antipsychotics therapy regimens used in schizophrenia patients in RSJ dr. Ernaldi Bahar palembang. The design for this research Cohort Prospective pre- post test using the research questionnaires The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to measure the effectiveness of antipsychotic treatment regimens were observed during 1 month. Data retrieved at outpatient clinic RSJ dr. Ernaldi Bahar in March - April 2020. Chi-square test was used to know the comparison effectiveness of antipsychotics therapy, bivariate analysis (chi-square test) and multivariate (the logistic regresion test) are used to know the effect sociodemographics have on the effectiveness of regimens of the antipsychotics therapy. The result of the analysis of prescription patterns of 451 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia received 35 types of antipsychotic treatment patterns on all patients. The three (3) most used antipsychotic regimens, namely : risperidone monotherapy (n=59), combination of risperidone-chlorpromazine (n= 59) and risperidone-clozapine (n= 59) , were analysed. A total of 40 (67.8%) of patients receiving risperidone monotherapy experienced clinical improvement, combination of risperidone-clozapine 39 (66.1%) patients and risperidone-chlorpromazine 31 (52.5%) patients. The result showed that there was no significant difference in effectiveness among the regimens of antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenia patients in the RSJ dr. Ernaldi Palembang with a significant value p>0,05 (p=0,173).

Kata Kunci : Schizophrenia, efektivitas, regimen antipsikotik, PANSS