Dinamika Populasi Makrozoobentos di Muara Opak-Oyo Kabupaten Bantul

ELSHA KUSUMA DHANI, Dr. Eko Setyobudi, S.Pi., M.Si.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi makrozoobentos di Muara Opak-Oyo, Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Agustus tahun 2019. Sampel makrozoobentos diperoleh dengan menggunakan alat Grab Sampler, kemudian diawetkan menggunakan formalin dalam konsentrasi 4%. Sampel makrozoobentos diidentifikasi menggunakan buku Carpenter (1998), Barnes (1980), dan Day (1967) yang berjudul "The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pasific". Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makrozoobentos yang terdapat di Muara Opak-Oyo terdiri dari dari 3 kelas, 8 famili, 14 genus, dan 16 spesies. Spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan di Muara Opak-Oyo adalah Tarebia granifera (64,02%), sedangkan spesies yang paling sedikit ditemukan adalah Margaritifera margaritifera, Parathelpusa convexa, dan Phytia myosotis (masing-masing 0,2%). Gastropoda dan Bivalvia adalah kelas yang paling banyak ditemukan di Muara Opak-Oyo. Kelimpahan rata-rata bulanan makrozoobentos yang diperoleh berkisar 11,11 ind/m²-292,59 ind/m². Kelimpahan makrozoobentos tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Agustus (292,59 ind/m²), sedangkan kelimpahan terendah terjadi pada bulan April (11,11 ind/m²). Berdasarkan tipe substrat, kelimpahan makrozoobentos tertinggi terdapat di tipe substrat tanah berlumpur (151,32 ind/m²) dibandingkan di substrat lumpur berbatu dan substrat berpasir. Indeks keanekaragaman di Muara Opak-Oyo berkisar 0,07-1,3 tergolong rendah hingga sedang, indeks keseragaman berkisar 0,11-0,88 tergolong rendah hingga tinggi, dan indeks dominansi berkisar 0,38-0,97 tergolong rendah hingga tinggi.

This study aimed to determine the dynamics of the macrozoobenthic population in the Opak-Oyo Estuary, Bantul Regency. The research was conducted from February to August 2019. Macrozoobenthic samples were collected using a Grab Sampler, then preserved using formalin in a concentration of 4%. Macrozoobenthic samples were identified using the book Carpenter (1998), Barnes (1980), and Day (1967) entitled &quot2;The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific&quot2;. The results of this research showed that macrozoobenthos in Opak-Oyo estuary consisted of 3 classes, 8 families, 14 genera, and 16 species. The most common species found in the Opak-Oyo estuary was Tarebia granifera (64.02%), while the least species found were Margaritifera margaritifera, Parathelpusa convexa, and Phytia myosotis, as amount as 0,2% respectively. Gastropods and Bivalves are the most common classes of macrozoobenthos in the Opak-Oyo Estuary. The monthly average of macrozoobenthos ranged from 11.11 ind/m²-292.59 ind/m². The highest abundance of macrozoobenthos occurred in August (292.59 ind/m²), while the lowest abundance occurred in April (11.11 ind/m²). Macrozoobenthos was mostly found in the muddy soil substrate compared to rocky mud and sandy substrates. The diversity index in the Opak-Oyo Estuary ranges from 0.07 to 1.3, which is classified as low to moderate, the uniformity index ranges from 0.11 to 0.88 which is low to high, and the dominance index ranges from 0.38 to 0.97 which is classified as low to high.

Kata Kunci : dinamika, kelimpahan, makrozoobentos, substrat/ abundance, dynamics, macrozoobenthos, substrate