Analisis Sumber Penghidupan Anak Buah Kapal Sekoci di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Pondok Dadap Sendang Biru Kabupaten Malang

IKA ROFAH GHINA, Suadi, S.Pi., M.Agr.Sc., Ph.D.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK

Salah satu armada yang beroperasi di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Pondok Dadap adalah kapal pancing tonda atau kapal sekoci. Target tangkapan kapal sekoci adalah ikan tuna dengan nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ragam modal penghidupan nelayan sekoci terutama anak buah kapal (ABK), mengetahui permasalahan dalam pemanfaatan sumber penghidupan nelayan (ABK), dan mengetahui strategi pemanfaatan sumber penghidupan oleh nelayan sekoci di PPP Pondok Dadap Sendang Biru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik penelitian snowball sampling. Jumlah responden yang diperoleh sebanyak 44 responden anak buah kapal sekoci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nelayan sekoci memiliki sumber penghidupan berupa aset alam yang meliputi sumberdaya ikan (100‰), aset fisik meliputi aset umum (tempat pendaratan ikan, sekolah, rumah ibadah) dan aset pribadi (kepemilikan rumah, kendaraan, alat komunikasi). Aset manusia meliputi keterampilan dibidang perikanan, keterampilan anggota keluarga, jaminan asuransi. Aset finansial meliputi tabungan investasi dan pinjaman. Aset sosial meliputi partisipasi nelayan dalam kelompok nelayan, gotong royong, dan kearifan lokal. Permasalahan yang dihadapi nelayan sekoci yaitu gelombang tinggi dan angin kencang (100‰), musim paceklik (100‰), rumpon hanyut (18‰), alat tangkap rusak (100‰), tidak ada keterampilan di luar bidang perikanan (73‰), dan adanya kebijakan makro berupa kenaikan BBM (100‰). Strategi penghidupan yang dilakukan oleh nelayan yaitu diversifikasi pekerjaan (23‰), migrasi daerah penangkapan (54‰), kerjasama rumpon dengan kapal lain (100‰), penyediaan alat tangkap cadangan (100‰), menggunakan tabungan (9‰) dan melakukan pinjaman (36‰).

One of the the fishing vessel operating in Pondok Dadap Coastal Fishing Port (PPP) is tonda fishing boat so-called sekoci. The catch of sekoci is tuna with high economic value. This study aims to identify the sekoci crew livelihood assests, as well as their problems, and to analyze the strategies to solve the problems faced by sekoci boat crew (ABK) in PPP Pondok Dadap, Sendang Biru. This research was conducted using survey method. Respondents were selected by snowball sampling method. Number of respondents were 44 sekoci crews. The study showed that sekoci crews have and have access on natural assets consist of fishery resources (100‰); public physical assets consist fishing port, fish landing place, school, and worship facilities, and personal physical assets comprise ownership of houses, transportation, and communication equipment. Human resource assets cover skill in fisheries, skill of family members, and health insurance. Financial assets consist savings ownership, investment, and loans. Social assets consist of fisherman participation in social activites such as fisherman group, collective work, and local wisdom. The problem faced by sekoci crew are high waves and strong winds (100‰), unpredictable season (100‰), rumpon drifting (18‰), a broken fishing gear (100‰), lack of skill other than fishery (73‰), and macro policies affected fishery business such as increase in price of fuel (100‰). The livelihood strategies of this fisherman group were job diversification (23‰), migration of fishing ground (54‰), rompon cooperation with other fishing boats (100‰), providing backup of fishing gear (100‰), using saving (9‰), and loans (36‰).

Kata Kunci : Nelayan sekoci, penghidupan, permasalahan, PPP Pondok Dadap, strategi / Sekoci fishing vessel crew, livelihood, problems, Pondok Dadap Coastal Fishing Port, strategies.