PENGEMBANGAN, VALIDITAS, DAN RELIABILITAS KIT DETEKSI STUNTING (GAMA-KiDS) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF ALAT DETEKSI DINI STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 0-24 BULAN : UJI COBA DI SEYEGAN, YOGYAKARTA

APHRODITE NADYA N, Dr. Siti Helmyati, DCN., M.Kes; Ir. I Made Alit Gunawan., M.Si

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang : Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang apabila tidak segera ditangani dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan baduta. Upaya deteksi dini stunting diperlukan agar dampaknya dapat dicegah dengan pemberian intervensi yang efektif. Oleh karena itu, peneliti mengembangkan GAMA-KiDS yang mudah digunakan, valid, serta reliabel. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji validitas serta reliabilitas GAMA-KiDS. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional. Sebanyak 30 baduta yang termasuk dalam anggota posyandu di Padukuhan Kamal Wetan, Seyegan dilibatkan dalam penelitian. Setiap anak diukur status gizi berdasarkan PB/U menggunakan GAMA-KiDS dan infantometer dan kurva pertumbuhan WHO 2006 sebagai standar emas untuk mengetahui validitasnya. Pengukuran reliabilitas GAMA-KiDS dilakukan dengan cara mengukur status gizi PB/U sebanyak dua kali pengukuran dari seorang pengukur sehingga diperoleh reliabilitas intra pengukur. Hasil : Pengembangan GAMA-KiDS menghasilkan dua versi GAMA-KiDS. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan GAMA-KiDS versi 2, menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pengukuran panjang badan menggunakan GAMA-KiDS dan standar bakunya. Proporsi baduta yang mengalami stunting berdasarkan GAMA-KiDS dan standar baku adalah 36,67% dan 33,33%. Validitas GAMA-KiDS menunjukan sensitivitas sebesar 80%, spesifisitas 85%, nilai prediktif positif 72,7%, nilai prediktif negatif 89,5%. Reliabilitas GAMA-KiDS ditunjukan dengan ICC 0,781. Kesimpulan : Pengukuran validitas dan reliabilitas GAMA-KiDS sebagai alat deteksi dini stunting menunjukan hasil yang cukup bagus.

Background: Early stunting detection is needed so that nutrition intervention can be done effectively. However, there are challenges for detecting stunting in the community health facilities, eg. the accuracy of length measurement techniques and the availability of detection devices. Therefore, this study purposed to develop the Stunting Early Detection Kit (GAMA-KiDS) and assess its validity and reliability. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. A total sample of 30 children under two years from a Posyandu in Seyegan, Yogyakarta was involved in the study. Every child was measured using GAMA-KiDS and infantometer as the gold standard to find out its validity. Measurements were taken twice each. Intra-rater reliability measured from the first and second measurement from one rater using GAMA-KiDS Results: The development of GAMA-KiDS produced two versions The measurement results show that there is no significant difference between length measurements using GAMA-KiDS and the gold standards. The proportion of stunting detected by GAMA-KiDS and standard standards was 36.67% and 33.33%, there was not significantly different. The GAMA-KiDS's validity showed sensitivity at 80%, specificity at 85%, positive predictive value at 72.7%, negative predictive value at 89.5%. GAMA-KiDS reliability is demonstrated by ICC 0.781. Conclusions: GAMA-KiDS showed good validity and good reliability as a stunting early detection tool.

Kata Kunci : Skrining status gizi, Stunting, Usia 0-24 tahun, Validitas, Reliabilitas