Am I Being Myself on Instagram? The Role of Identity Clarity and Self-esteem in Real and Deceptive Self-presentation on Instagram

NADYA IRMA MULIA, Sutarimah Ampuni, S.Psi., M.Si., Psikolog

2020 | Skripsi | S1 PSIKOLOGI

Instagram menyediakan platform media sosial interaktif bagi remaja untuk membuat presentasi diri yang strategis, di mana mereka dapat menjelajahi berbagai aspek diri (seperti diri nyata dan menipu) kemudian membangun citra diri yang diinginkan melalui foto dan video. Namun, jika ada perbedaan antara diri mereka yang sebenarnya dan diri yang menipu, para remaja mulai bingung mana diri mereka yang sebenarnya. Kejelasan identitas dan harga diri dapat memprediksi bagaimana remaja menampilkan diri mereka di media sosial terutama Instagram. Studi saat ini meneliti peran kejelasan identitas, harga diri dalam presentasi diri yang nyata dan menipu. Partisipan adalah 205 mahasiswa sarjana Indonesia berusia 18-21 tahun (Pria = 47, Wanita = 158). Skala presentasi diri, skala kejelasan identitas dan skala harga diri digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data melalui online. Regresi linear berganda mengungkapkan bahwa kejelasan identitas dan harga diri bersama-sama secara signifikan memprediksi presentasi diri nyata (R² = 0,259, F = 35,332, t = 9,645, p <0,001) dan presentasi diri yang menipu (R² = 0,151, F = 17.922, t = 12.998, p <.001). Namun, di antara dua prediktor, hanya kejelasan identitas berkontribusi signifikan terhadap presentasi diri nyata (β = .119, t = 4.244, p <.001) dan menipu diri sendiri (β = -.156, t = -4.330, p <.001 ). Peran harga diri tidak berkontribusi secara signifikan baik dalam presentasi diri nyata (β = .057, t = 1.489, p = .138) atau presentasi diri menipu (β = .030, t = .605, p = .546).

Instagram provides an interactive social media platform for adolescents to create strategic self-presentation, where they can explore different facets of the self (e.g real self and deceptive self) then establish a desirable self-image through photos and videos. However, if there is a discrepancy between their real self and deceptive self, adolescents begin to confuse which of the selves is their true self. Identity clarity and self-esteem may predict how adolescents present themselves on social media especially Instagram. The current study examines the role of identity clarity, self-esteem in real and deceptive self-presentation. Participants were 205 Indonesian undergraduate students aged 18-21 years old (Male = 47, Female = 158). Self-presentation scale, identity clarity scale and self-esteem scales were used to collect data through an online procedure. Multiple linear regressions revealed that identity clarity and self-esteem together significantly predicted real self-presentation (R² = .259, F = 35.332, t = 9.645, p <.001) and deceptive self-presentation (R² = .151, F = 17.922, t = 12.998, p <.001). However, among the two predictors, only identity clarity contributed significantly to real self presentation (β = .119, t = 4.244, p <.001) and deceptive self (β = -.156, t = -4.330, p <.001). The role of self-esteem was not significantly contributing in either real self presentation (β = .057, t = 1.489, p = .138) or deceptive self presentation (β = .030, t = .605, p = .546).

Kata Kunci : self-presentation, identity clarity, self-esteem, social media