GAMBARAN SIKAP MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN TERHADAP PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI PSIK FK-KMK UGM

NADYA OFI SYARIFA, Azam David Saifullah, S.Kep., Ns., M.Sc.; Dr. Ibrahim Rahmat, S.Kp., S.Pd., M.Kes.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Penyandang disabilitas menghadapi berbagai masalah salah satunya adalah stigma tenaga kesehatan termasuk perawat. Stigma membentuk sikap yang buruk. Sikap perawat merupakan salah satu hal yang memengaruhi kualitas pelayanan yang diterima penyandang disabilitas. Sikap perawat dibentuk sejak masa pendidikan keperawatan. Namun, penelitian terkait sikap mahasiswa keperawatan terhadap penyandang disabilitas di Indonesia belum dilakukan. Maka, pengukuran sikap mahasiswa keperawatan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap mahasiswa keperawatan dan faktor-faktornya terhadap penyandang disabilitas di Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada (PSIK FK-KMK UGM) Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di pada bulan Juli-September 2019. Sebanyak 334 responden mengisi kuesioner demografi dan 19 item skala Attitude Toward Disabled Persons Form O (ATDP-O) versi bahasa Indonesia. Hasil: Median umur responden adalah 19 tahun dengan rentang 17-22 tahun. Mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (92,8%), tinggal di daerah perkotaan (tempat tinggal saat ini (96,1%) maupun tempat tinggal terlama (74,1%)), dari keluarga yang berpendapatan lebih dari Rp3.995.638,00 (59%), tidak memiliki anggota keluarga dengan disabilitas (82%), belum pernah merawat penyandang disabilitas (94%), dan pernah berinteraksi dengan penyandang disabilitas (75,4%). Median skor ATDP-O responden adalah 67,0 dengan rentang skor 30,0-104,0. Umur, jenis kelamin, tingkatan mahasiswa, kategori tempat tinggal saat ini, kategori tempat tinggal terlama, pendapatan keluarga, riwayat keluarga dengan disabilitas, riwayat merawat penyandang disabilitas, dan riwayat berinteraksi dengan disabilitas, tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan sikap mahasiswa terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Kesimpulan: Responden cukup homogen. Sikap mahasiswa PSIK FK-KMK UGM terhadap penyandang disabilitas tergolong lebih positif apabila dibandingkan dengan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Tidak ditemukan variabel yang memiliki hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik pada penelitian ini.

Background : People with disabilities face various problems, one of which is the stigma of health care providers, including nurses. Stigma forms a negative attitude. The attitude of nurses is one of the things that affects the quality of services received by persons with disabilities. Nurses' attitudes are formed since the period of nursing education. However, research related to the attitude of nursing students towards people with disabilities in Indonesia has not been conducted. So, measuring the attitude of nursing students needs to be done. Objective : To determine the attitudes of nursing students and their factors towards people with disabilities in School of Nursing Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada. Method : This research was a quantitative study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in July-September 2019. A total of 334 respondents filled out the demographic questionnaire and 19 items Indonesian version of Attitude Toward Disabled Persons Form O (ATDP-O) scale items. Result : The median age of respondents was 19 years with a range of 17-22 years. The majority of respondents were female (92.8%), living in urban areas (current residence (96.1%) and longest residence (74.1%)), from families with an income of more than Rp3,995,638.00 (59%), had no family members with disabilities (82%), had never treated a person with a disability (94%), and had interacted with a person with a disability (75.4%). The median score of ATDP-O respondents was 67.0 with a range of scores 30.0 - 104.0. Age, gender, current residence category, longest residence category, family income, family history of people with disabilities, history of caring for persons with disabilities, and history of interacting with disabilities, did not have a statistically significant relationship with student attitudes towards persons with disabilities. Conclusion : Respondents are quite homogeneous. The attitude of nursing students towards people with disabilities in this study tends to be more positive than similar previous studies. There are no variables that have a statistically significant relationship in this study.

Kata Kunci : sikap, mahasiswa keperawatan, penyandang disabilitas