Performa Sifat Kualitatif Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) Dengan Warna Bulu Yang Berbeda

ROHMA DONA SARI, Ir. Dyah Maharani, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM; Prof. Ir. Wihandoyo, MS., Ph.D.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman sifat kualitatif dari ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB). Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian 50 ekor ayam KUB betina. Ayam KUB dikelompokkan berdasarkan warna bulu berbeda yaitu abu-abu (AA), hitam putih (HP), coklat merah (CM), hitam (H), dan hitam coklat (HC) masing-masing 10 ekor. Sifat kualitatif yang diamati adalah warna mata, bulu leher, paruh, bulu mahkota, bulu dada, bulu perut, bulu punggung, bulu ekor, warna bulu sayap, bulu paha, shank, selaput shank. Sifat kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif dan ditunjukkan dengan persentase. Warna mata kelompok HP lebih seragam (90%) terang dibanding AA (60%), CM (70%), H (50%), dan HC (40%). Warna hitam putih mendominasi warna paruh di semua kelompok (50-100%) kecuali HP hitam kuning (50%). Warna bulu leher AA dominan abu-abu terang (60%), HP hitam putih (40%), coklat merah CM (70%) dan HC (50%), hitam H (70%), coklat-kehitaman HC (50%). Warna bulu mahkota tiga kelompok warna 100% dominan sesuai kelompok, namun H didominasi hitam (50%), HC coklat-kemerahan (80%). Warna bulu dada semua kelompok memiliki warna dominan sesuai kelompok (40-100%), kecuali AA abu-abu terang (80%) dan HC 40% hitam dan coklat-kemerahan. Warna bulu perut tiga kelompok didominasi sesuai kelompok warna, namun H lebih seragam (100%) dibandingkan HP (40%), CM (60%), sehingga kelompok AA dominan abu-abu terang (80%) serta HC (40%) coklat-kehitaman dan hitam. Warna bulu sayap semua kelompok dominan sesuai kelompok, AA dan H (100%), HP (50%), HC (70%) dan CM 50% coklat-kemerahan dan hitam-kecoklatan. Warna bulu punggung sesuai kelompok didominasi HP (60%) dan H (100%), sehingga AA abu-abu terang (80%), HC hitam-kehijauan (50%), CM 50% coklat merah dan hitam-kecoklatan. Warna bulu paha tiga kelompok dominan sesuai kelompok (30-100%), namun AA dominan abu-abu terang (80%) dan HC hitam (50%). Warna hitam mendominasi warna bulu ekor di semua kelompok (70-80%), kecuali AA abu-abu terang (90%) dan HC hitam-kecoklatan (60%). Warna shank AA dominan hitam-kekuningan (50%), HP kuning (60%), H hitam (40%), CM dan HC hijau-kekuningan (40-60%). Warna selaput shank AA dominan kuning (50%), HP dan H putih (50-70%), CM dan HC hijau-kekuningan (40-60%). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sifat kualitatif seluruh bagian ayam KUB betina masih cukup bervariasi baik pada bagian kepala, badan, dan ekor.

The study was carried out to characterize the qualitative traits of Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) birds. The material used in this study is 50 female KUB birds. KUB birds are grouped based different feather colour among others gray (AA), white black (HP), reddish brown (CM), black (H), brownish black (HC) 10 birds each. The qualitative traits observed were eye, beak, neck feather, crown feather, abdomen feather, chest feather, back feather, wing feather, tail feather, thigh feather, shank, membrane shank. Data on qualitative traits were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared as percentages. As a results the eye color of the HP group is more uniform (90%) light be than AA (60%), CM (70%), H (50%), dan HC (40%). White-black dominates the beak color in all feather groups (50-100%) except the HP group is yellow-black. The color of the neck feathers, AA dominant light gray (60%), white-black HP (40%), reddish brown CM (70%) and HC (50%), black H (70%), HC blackish brown (50%). Crown feather colors in the three colors have a dominant color of 100% according to the group, so the H is black (50%) and the HC reddish brown (80%). Chest feather color in all color groups dominant according to groups (40-100%), except the AA groups is light gray (80%), HC 40% black and reddish brown. The color of the abdomen feather three groups is dominated by color groups, but the H is more uniform (100%) than HP (40%), CM (60%), so is AA group is light gray (80%), HC (40%) blackish brown and black. The color of wing feathers in all dominant groups matches to the color group, AA and H (100%), HP (50%), HC (70%), and CM (50%) reddish brown and brownish black. The color of the back feather matches the color group of HP (60%) and H (100%), so AA light gray (80%), HC greenish black (50%), CM 50% reddish brown and brownish black. The color of the thigh feather of the three dominant groups matches the feather group (30-100%), AA light gray (80%) and HC black (50%). Black dominates the tail color in all color groups (70-80%), except AA light gray (90%) and HC brownish black (60%). Color shank the AA dominant is yellowish black (50%), yellow HP (60%), H black (40%), CM dan HC yellowish green (40-60%). Shank membrane color is dominant AA is yellow (50%), white HP and H (50-70%), CM and HC yellowish green (40-60%). Based on the results, it can be conclude that the qualitative traits on all parts of female KUB is still quited varied both in the head, body, and tail.

Kata Kunci : Ayam KUB, Sifat kualitatif, Warna bulu