Budidaya Nila Salin (Oreochromis sp.) Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di Kecamatan Tayu Kabupaten Pati

SAFHIRA NUR HIDAYATI, Indah Istiqomah, S.Pi., M.Si., Ph.D.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 AKUAKULTUR

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aspek teknis dan ekonomis budidaya nila salin (Oreochromis sp.) yang berubah dan merumuskan strategi penanganannya selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner dengan menerapkan standar protokol kesehatan pandemi COVID-19. Responden penelitian terdiri dari 88 pembudidaya nila salin yang berasal dari 13 Pokdakan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan terjadinya fluktuasi harga pada komponen budidaya serta berdampak terhadap penurunan ketersediaan benih. Terjadinya fluktuasi harga dan penurunan ketersediaan benih mengakibatkan perubahan pada beberapa aspek teknis dan ekonomis budidaya nila salin, yaitu harga kapur, harga pakan, harga jual ikan, padat tebar, ukuran tebar, dosis pakan, frekuensi pemberian pakan, waktu pemeliharaan, total produksi, penerimaan uang dan pendapatan petani ikan antara sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Strategi untuk mengatasi hambatan dalam budidaya nila salin (Oreochromis sp.) saat pandemi COVID-19 diantaranya dengan menggunakan pakan alternatif, menerapkan metode pemuasaan secara periodik, serta memberi pakan alami (herbal) secara periodik untuk meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan dan kesehatan nila salin.

This study aimed to determine the changed technical and economic aspects of saline tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) cultivation, and formulate strategies to overcome the problems occurs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted by a quantitative descriptive method with a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by using a questionnaire and following the health protocol standard for pandemic COVID-19. The research respondents consisted of 88 tilapia cultivators from 13 groups. The data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of the study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in price fluctuations of the cultivation components and decreasing the seed availability. These problems contributed to the changes in the technical and economic aspects of cultivation, including the lime, feed, and harvested fish prices, stocking density and size, feed dosage, frequency of feeding, fish maintenance duration, total production, the money received, and income of fish farmers. The strategies that could be carried out in the cultivation of tilapia saline (Oreochromis sp.) during the pandemic COVID-19 are including the use of alternative feeds, applying a periodic fasting methods, and administration of natural feed (herbal) to enhance the fish growth and health condition.

Kata Kunci : Pengaruh, COVID-19, budidaya, tilapia, strategi