Evaluasi Sistem Pelayanan Asuhan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta

WING MA INTAN, Dr.dr. Mubasyisyir Hasanbasri,MA; Dr. dr. Dwi Handono Sulistyo, M.Kes

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang: Kesadaran kebersihan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia masih rendah. Provinsi DI Yogyakarta merupakan daerah dengan peningkatan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut tertinggi kedua dari tahun 2007. Diketahui bahwa Kabupaten Sleman memiliki rasio tertinggi dalam penumpatan dan pencabutan gigi di pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat. Puskesmas Mlati II merupakan satu-satunya Puskesmas yang telah terakreditasi paripurna di Kabupaten Sleman, akan tetapi angka penyakit gigi dan mulut masih menepati lima besar di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman. Perlu dilakukan evaluasi pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat untuk menilai sistem pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta. Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran mengenai sistem pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta. Metode: Merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Subjek kunci penelitian adalah dokter gigi dan perawat gigi Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta yang mengetahui tentang sistem pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat. Subjek lain yang mendukung kelengkapan informasi penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan teknik opportunistic sampling atau accidental sampling, dan di dapatkan subjek antara lain pasien BP Gigi Puskesmas Mlati II, guru UKS, Ibu Dukuh yang merupakan kader kesehatan, serta Kasi Kesehatan Khusus Kabupaten Sleman. Hasil: Service delivery dalam pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta masih belum efektif dilihat dari status kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat. Tenaga kesehatan yang merupakan input dalam sistem pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat menjadi salah satu penyebabnya. Hal ini dikarenakan belum terdapatnya seorang manajer dalam sistem yang menjadi dasar leadership/governance dalam pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta. Sistem informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta juga masih belum berjalan secara optimal. Kesimpulan: Dari ke 6 building block system WHO, sistem pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat di Puskesmas Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta masih membutuhkan perhatian lebih dalam hal service delivery, tenaga kesehatan, sistem informasi, serta leadership/governance.

Background: Awareness of dental and oral hygiene in Indonesia is still relatively low. DI Yogyakarta Province is the second highest increasing area of dental and oral health problems from 2007. It is known that Sleman Regency has the highest ratio in the filling and extraction of teeth in dental and oral health services. Mlati II Health Center is the only one that has been fully accredited in Sleman Regency, but the number of dental and mouth diseases still occupies the top five in the Sleman Regency Health Center. It is necessary to evaluate the community dental and oral health care services to assess the community dental and oral health care services at the Mlati II Sleman Health Center in Yogyakarta. Objective: To get an overview of the community dental and oral health care service system at Mlati II Public Health Center Sleman Yogyakarta. Method: A qualitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted with in-depth interviews and observation. The key subjects of the study were dentists and dental nurses at the Mlati II Sleman Yogyakarta Public Health Center who knew about the community dental and oral health care service system. Other subjects that support the completeness of research information were taken using opportunistic sampling or accidental sampling techniques, which subjects were obtained including dental treatment center of Mlati II Public Health Center patients, UKS teachers, Dukuh who are health cadres, and the Special Health Section of Sleman Regency .Results: Service delivery in community dental and oral health care services at the Mlati II Sleman Public Health Center in Yogyakarta is still not effective in terms of community dental and oral health status. Health workers who are the input in the community dental and oral health care service system are one of the causes. This is because there is not yet a manager in the system that is the basis of leadership / governance in public dental and oral health care services at Mlati II Public Health Center Sleman Yogyakarta. The dental and oral health information system at the Mlati II Sleman Health Center in Yogyakarta is also still not running optimally. Conclusion: From the 6 building block system by WHO, the community dental and oral health care service system at Mlati II Sleman Public Health Center in Yogyakarta still needs more attention in terms of service delivery, health workforce, information systems, and leadership / governance.

Kata Kunci : Evaluasi, 6 building block system, kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat, pelayanan asuhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat.