MEMORI, TRAUMA DAN RESPON TERHADAP PERISTIWA TRAUMATIS DALAM NOVEL NEVER LET ME GO KARYA KAZUO ISHIGURO

IDRUS DAMA, Dr. Pujiharto., M.Hum.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER SASTRA

INTISARI Penelitian ini mengungkap memori, trauma dan respon terhadap peristiwa traumatis yang dialami secara kolektif yang disandarkan pada memori individual narator dalam novel Never Let Me Go karya Kazuo Ishiguro. Penelitian ini mengungkap pengalaman individu tentang penindasan terhadap manusia kloning yang menyebabkan dampak tramatis pada diri orang yang mengalami. Desain penelitian ini merumuskan masalah 1) bagaimana memori dan trauma dalam novel Never Let Me Go? 2) bagaimana memori koletif dan respon tokoh utama dalam mendanggapi pengalaman traumatis yang dialami. Peneltian ini menggunakan tiga teori pendekatan analisis: 1) teori Maurice Halbwachs tentang memori kolektif,(2) teori Caruth tentang Trauma, 3) teori Kubler-Ross tentang respon terhadap kehilangan (traumatis). Pandangan Halbwachs bahwa memori indvidu bukan memori milik sendiri, tetapi memori individu adalah prodok memori kolektif. Karena memori dibangun dari banyak aspek seperti lingkungan sosial. Sementara Caruth berpandangan bahwa pengalaman traumatis seseorang akan muncul dalam bentuk trauma di kemudian hari berupa repitisi ingatan. Kemunculan bisa berbentuk halusinasi, mimpi buruk, atau flashback. Metode penelitian ini disusun sebagai berikut:(1) mendefinisikan objek formal dan material, (2) pengumpulan data, (3) analisis data, dan (4) pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa peristiwa mengambilan organ tubuh terhadap manusia kloning menjadi memori traumatis orang-orang yang terlibat di dalamnya khusunya anak-anak kloning. Pada respon berbagai peritiwa traumatis, narator merespon kejadian yang dia alami dengan cara berbeda. Kehilangan teman dan kehilangan hak hidup, tidak membawa dampak trauma pada diri narator. Tetapi kehilangan kekasih menjadi sesuatu mendorong trauma jauh lebih besar. Meskipun sudah melakukan anticpatory grief, tetap saja gejala trauma muncul dan menganggu kehidupan narator, yakni tokoh utama dalam novel never let me Go. Sementara dalam memori kolektif, ada tiga model penjagaan memori bersama yakni hidup berkelompok, menjadikan benda masa lalu medium mengingat, ketiga penarasian kembali kisah pahit di antara sesama kelompok.

ABSTRACT This study reveals memories, trauma and responses to traumatic events experienced collectively which are based on the narrator's individual memory in the novel Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro. This research reveals the experience of individuals about the oppression of cloned humans which causes a dramatic impact on the person experiencing. The design of this study formulated the problem (1) how about the memory and trauma in the novel Never Let Me Go? (2) how the main character's response in responding to the traumatic experience. This research uses three theoretical approaches to analysis: (1) Maurice Halbwachs's theory of collective memory, (2) Caruth's theory of trauma, (3) Kubler-Ross's theory of response to loss (traumatic). Halbwachs views that individual memory is not one's own memory, but individual memory is a product of collective memory, because memory is built from many aspects such as the social environment. In the scond view, Caruth explain that a traumatic experience someone will emerge in the form of trauma later in the form of memory repitition. Occurrence can take the form of hallucinations, nightmares, or flashbacks. This research method is structured as follows: (1) defining formal and material objects, (2) data collection, (3) data analysis, and 4) drawing conclusions. The results show that the event of harvesting organs from cloned humans becomes a traumatic memory of the people involved, especially the children of cloning. In response to various traumatic events, the narrator responds to the events she experiences in different ways. Losing friends and losing the right to life does not have a traumatic effect on the narrator, but losing a lover becomes something that drives trauma far greater. Despite the anticpatory grief, trauma symptoms still appear and disrupt the life of the narrator, the main character in the novel Never Let Me Go. Futhermore, in collective memory, there are three models of guarding shared memory, namely living in groups, making the past objects of the medium remember, the third recapture a bitter story between fellow groups.

Kata Kunci : memory, trauma, traumatic, Kazuo Ishiguro