Valuasi Ekonomi dan Strategi Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat Pola Agroforestri Herbal Di Desa Gerbosari Kabupaten Kulon Progo

HAFIZAH ARINAH, Prof. Dr. Ir. Wahyu Andayani., MS; Dr. Ir. Ris Hadi Purwanto, M.Agr.Sc.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KEHUTANAN

Pengusahaan hutan rakyat pola agroforestri memiliki manfaat penting baik secara ekonomi, sosial maupun lingkungan. Pola agroforestri herbal sudah lama diterapkan dalam pengelolaan hutan rakyat di Desa Gerbosari, Kecamatan Samigaluh, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai ekonomi total sumberdaya hutan rakyat pola agroforestri herbal, tingkat kelayakan pengusahaan hutan rakyat pola agroforestri herbal, dan mengetahui kontribusi budidaya tanaman herbal terhadap usahatani hutan rakyat serta strategi pengelolaan hutan rakyat pola agroforestri herbal di Desa Gerbosari. Metode yang digunakan yakni kriteria kelayakan finansial, yaitu Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dan Annual Equivalent Value (AEV), serta dengan pendekatan harga pasar, cost benefit analysis dan contingen valuation method (CVM). Sedangkan analisis SWOT dengan metode FGD (Focus Group Disccussion) bersama stakeholder terkait untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaan usaha hutan rakyat pola agroforestri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode stratisfied sampling untuk menentukan responden petani. Responden dikelompokkan menjadi tiga strata berdasarkan luas lahan dengan total responden sebanyak 60 petani untuk mendapatkan nilai guna dan nilai kelayakan finansial lalu responden masyarakat dipilih secara acak sebanyak 100 orang untuk mendapatkan nilai non guna. Hasil yang didapatkan yakni nilai ekonomi total hutan rakyat pola agroforestri herbal di Desa Gerbosari sebesar Rp. 4.980.249.794,87 yang terdiri dari nilai guna langsung sebasar Rp. 4.235.693.839,98, nilai guna tidak langsung berupa nilai penyerapan karbon sebesar Rp. 668.067.194,72 dan nilai non guna berupa nilai warisan sebesar Rp. 76.488.760,17. Hasil dari analisis kelayakan finansial adalah sebagai berikut : 1) Strata I (0,075-0,54 ha): NPV Rp. 14.190.716,30/Ha/25 tahun; BCR 1,55; IRR 20,74%, %,; AEV Rp. 1.167.684,69/tahun; kontribusi 41%. 2) Strata II (0,55-1,02): NPV Rp. 12.456.180,87/Ha/25tahun; BCR 1,66; IRR 21,28%; AEV Rp. 1.024.958,24/tahun; kontribusi 32%. 3) Strata III (1,03-1,5 ha) : NPV Rp. 18.088.349,16/Ha/25tahun; BCR 2,12; IRR 30%; AEV Rp. 1.488.401,84/tahun kontribusi 25%. Rumusan strategi pengelolaan hutan rakyat pola agroforestri herbal adalah, (1) Membangun promosi dan branding produk, (2) Meningkatkan peran Pemda (pemerintah daerah). (3) Meningkakan teknologi budidaya dan pengelolaan secara intensif, (4) Memberikan wawasan mengenai potensi dan manfaat agroforestri herbal, (5) Meningkatkan peluang akses pasar, (6) Peningkatan program pendampingan petani/masyarakat.

Farming management of Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns has benefits both economically, socially and environmentally. The herbs Agroforestri pattern has long been applied in forest management in Gerbosari Village, Samigaluh Sub-district, Kulon Progo District. The research aims to determine the total economic value of Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns, the feasibility level of Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns, and to know the contribution of herbal crops to Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns and management strategy of the Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns in the village of Gerbosari. The methods used are the feasibility criteria, namely Net Present Value (NPV), benefit cost ratio (BCR), and internal rate of return (IRR) and annual equivalent value (AEV), as well as with the market price approach, cost benefit analysis and Contingen (CVM) valuation method. While the SWOT analysis used FGD (Focus Group Discussion) method to formulate a strategy for the forest business management of Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns. This research uses stratisfied sampling methods to determine respondents. Respondents were grouped into three Strata based on land area with total former respondents as many as 60 farmers to get the use value and financial feasibility value then 100 community respondents were randomly selected to get the non-use value. The results obtained are the total economic value of the Community Forest of Agroforestry Herbs Patterns in the village of Gerbosari amounting to Rp. 4.980.249.794,87 which consists of direct value as much as Rp. 4.235.693.839,98, indirect use value in the form of carbon sequestration value of Rp. 668.067.194,72 and non-use value in the form of inheritance value of Rp. 76,488,760.17. The results of the financial feasibility analysis are as follows: 1) Strata I (0.075-0.54 ha): NPV Rp. 14.190.716,30/ Ha / 25 years; BCR 1,55, IRR 20,74%; AEV Rp. 1.167.684,69/ year; and contribution is 41%. 2) Strata II (0.55-1.02): NPV Rp. 12.456.180,87 /Ha /25 years; BCR 1,66; IRR 21,28%; AEV Rp. 1.024.958,24/ year; and contribution is 32%. 3) Strata III (1.03-1.5 ha) : NPV Rp. 18.088.349,16/ Ha / 25 years; BCR 2,12; IRR 30%; AEV Rp. 1.488.401,84/ year and contribution is 25%. The formulation of the Community Forest of Agroforestriy Herbs Patterns management strategies are (1) Building product promotion and branding, (2) Increasing the role of local government (local government) and villages. (3) Enhancing cultivation and management technology intensively, (4) Providing insight into the potential and benefits of herbs agroforestry, (5) Increasing market access opportunities, (6) Improving farmer / community assistance programs.

Kata Kunci : agroforestri herbal, nilai ekonomi total, analisis kelayakan finansial, NPV, BCR, IRR,AEV