KAJIAN PROGRAM PEMBINAAN PEDAGANG MAKANAN JAJANANAN ANAK SEKOLAH KELILING DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GODEAN I TERHADAP HIGIENE SANITASI DAN CEMARAN Escherichia coli

NURUL HASANAH, Dr. Iswanto, S.Pd., M.Kes; Drs. Wiranto, M.Kes

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang: Keamanan jajanan anak sekolah sangat penting untuk diperhatikan mengingat selain dapat memberikan asupan energi dan gizi bagi anak sekolah tetapi juga memiliki tingkat kerawanan yang tinggi terutama kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli. Banyaknya pedagang makanan jajanan anak sekolah keliling yang kurang memperhatikan aspek higiene sanitasi dapat berisiko menimbulkan penyakit bawaan makanan (Foorborne Disease). Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui implementasi dan pengaruh program pembinaan pedagang makanan jajanan anak sekolah keliling di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Godean I terhadap higiene sanitasi dan cemaran Escherichia coli. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian observasional. Rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pedagang makanan jajanan anak sekolah keliling di wilayah Puskesmas Godean I. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Hasil Penelitian : Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara pedagang yang mengikuti pembinaan dan yang tidak mengikuti pembinaan dalam hal higiene penjamah makanan (p=0,002; p<0,05) dengan nilai OR=5.2 dan sanitasi peralatan makanan (p=0,028; p<0,05) dengan nilai OR=3.0. Sementara tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna dalam hal sanitasi penyajian makanan (p=0,285; p<0,05), sanitasi sarana penjaja (p=0,154; p<0,05), dan cemaran Escherichia coli (p=0, 126; p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Program pembinaan pedagang makanan jajanan anak sekolah keliling di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Godean I terhadap higiene sanitasi dan cemaran Escherichia coli sudah diimplementasikan akan tetapi belum berjalan efektif karena proses implementasi dan hasil yang dicapai belum sesuai dengan Kepmenkes 942/Menkes/Sk/II/2003. Ada pengaruh pemberian program pembinaan terhadap higiene perorangan dan sanitasi peralatan makanan pada pedagang makanan jajanan anak sekolah.

Background: The safety of snacks for school student is very important to note considering in addition to being able to provide energy and nutrition for school children but also has high level of vulnerability, especially Escherichia coli bacterial contamination. The large number of street food vendors who pay less attention to sanitary hygiene aspects can risk causing Foodborne Diseases. Objective: To determine the implementation and influence of training program for school-based street food vendors on hygiene sanitation and Escherichia coli contamination in Puskesmas Godean I. Methods: The type of research conducted is observational research. The study design was cross sectional. The research sample was school-based street food vendors in the Puskesmas Godean I working area. The sampling technique that used was total sampling. Result: This study found that there were significant differences between vendors who took part in the training and those who did not take part in the training in term of personal hygiene (p = 0.002; p <0.05) with OR=5.2 and sanitation of food equipment (p = 0.028; p <0.05) with OR=3.0. While there was no significant difference in terms of food presentation sanitation (p = 0.285; p <0.05), vendor sanitation facilities (p = 0.154; p <0.05), and Escherichia coli contamination (p = 0, 126 ; p <0.05). Conclusion: Training program on hygiene of sanitation and Escherichia coli contamination for school-based food vendors in the work area of Puskesmas Godean I has been implemented even though it has not been effective because the implementation process and the results achieved have not been in accordance with Kepmenkes 942 / Menkes/Sk/VII/2003. There is an influence of training programs for school-based food vendors on personal hygiene and sanitation of food equipment.

Kata Kunci : program pembinaan, higiene penjamah makanan, sanitasi peralatan, sanitasi penyajian, sanitasi sarana penjaja, Escherichia coli