Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Capuzzo pada Pasien Post Anestesi di RSUP Dr. Sardjito

SEKARINI WENING AYU, Dr. dr. Djayanti Sari, M.Kes., Sp.An., KAP; dr. Irwan Supriyanto, Ph.D., Sp.KJ

2020 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang: Anestesi merupakan keadaan yang meliputi amnesia, analgesia, dan narkosis yang memungkinkan operasi dapat dilakukan tanpa rasa sakit. Terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi manajemen anestesi pada pasien pasca operasi, salah satunya melalui penilaian kepuasan pasien. Salah satu kuesioner yang direkomendasikan untuk mengukur kepuasan pasien adalah kuesioner perioperatif yang dikembangkan oleh Capuzzo, et al. Kuesioner tersebut melibatkan beberapa aspek, antara lain pengalaman fisik, perasaan pasien, dan hubungan dengan tenaga medis. Di Indonesia, belum ada kuesioner khusus untuk menilai kepuasan pasien terhadap tindakan anestesi. Penelitian yang menggunakan kuesioner Capuzzo juga belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Tujuan: Mengetahui hasil uji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen Capuzzo pada pasien post anestesi RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Kuesioner Capuzzo diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia, dilakukan uji keterbacaan dan konsensus ahli, kemudian dilakukan back translation ke Bahasa Inggris. Data yang diambil merupakan data primer dengan subjek 164 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Departemen Anestesi RSUP Dr. Sardjito dari Desember 2019-Januari 2020. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS dengan uji analisis distribusi frekuensi, Pearson's product moment corellation, dan uji reliabilitas Cronbach's alpha. Hasil: Pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian berjumlah 164. Pasien yang dieksklusi sebanyak 4 individu. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 160. Data yang diambil adalah usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, bidang diagnosis, tingkat ASA, jenis operasi berdasarkan emergensi, jenis operasi berdasarkan tindakan, dan VAS score. R korelasi item dengan total antara 0,817 hingga 0,903 (r table = 0,1557) sehingga instrumen dikatakan valid. Instrumen reliabel dengan koefisien alpha 0,960. Rata-rata kepuasan pasien secara keseluruhan adalah 85,53±9,819 SD. Kesimpulan: Instrumen Capuzzo merupakan instrumen yang valid dan reliabel.

Background: Anesthesia is a condition including amnesia, analgesia, and narcosis which allows painless surgery be performed. There are several methods that can be used to improve the management of anesthesia in postoperative patients; one of them is through assessing patient satisfaction. One of questionnaires that is used to measure patient satisfaction is perioperative questionnaire that is established by Capuzzo, et al. The Capuzzo questionnaire consists of several aspects, including physical experience, patient feelings, and relationships with medical personnel. In Indonesia, there is no specific questionnaire that has been used to measure patient satisfaction towards anesthesia before. Research that includes usage of Capuzzo questionnaire has also never been conducted before. Objective: to find out the result of validity and reliability test of Capuzzo instument among post-anesthesia patients in RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Methods: This research uses descriptive analytic method with cross-sectional design. The Capuzzo questionnaire was translated into Indonesian, proofreading and expert consensus test was carried out, and then the translation was made back into English. The data taken is primary data subjecting 164 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected at the Anesthesia Department Dr. Sardjito from December 2019 to January 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS with frequency distribution analysis, Pearson product moment correlation test, and Cronbach's alpha reliability test. Result: Patients who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to be the subject of the study received 164. The number of patients excluded was 4 individuals. The subjects used in this study amounted to 160. Data taken were age, sex, education, occupation, field of diagnosis, ASA level, type of operation based on emergency, type of operation based on action, and VAS score. Correlation between item to total result is around 0.817 to 0.903 (r table = 0.1557) so that the instrument can be concluded as valid. Instrument was considered reliable with an alpha coefficient of 0.960. The overall patient satisfaction mean was 85,53±9,819 SD. Conclusion: Capuzzo instrument is a valid and reliable instrument.

Kata Kunci : Instrumen Capuzzo, validitas, reliabilitas