Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection During Year 2015-2018 At Dr. Sardjito general hospital

MUHAMMAD NAZHAN, dr. Neneng Ratnasari, SpPD, K-GEH; dr. Catharina Triwikatmani, SpPD, M-KES

2020 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) diklasifikasikan di bawah genus Hepacivirus dan keluarga Flaviviridae. HCV merupakan penyebab utama dalam permasalahan hepatitis kronis dan penyakit hati. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) bisa menginfeksi dalam bentuk yang akut sama kronis. Akut selalunya tidak bergejala, dan jarang diasosiasi dengan penyakit pengancam nyawa. Namun, pasien hepatitis C kronis bisa berkembang menjadi cirrhosis, gagal hati atau kanker hati kalau tidak diobat. Hepatitis C virus adalah virus yang ditularkan melewati darah. Ia selalunya tertransmisi dikarenakan paparan jumlah darah walaupun sedikit. Misalnya, pemakaian jarum suntik berbarengan atau pemakaian alat medika yang tidak tersterilisasi (semprotan dan jarum). HCV juga bisa tertransmisi melewati kontak seksual, namun ia jarang ditemukan. Tujuan: Untuk mempelajari profil dan prevalensi pasien hepatitis C kronis yang diobati di rumah sakit Dr. Sardjito dari tahun 2015 hingga 2018. Metode: Metode studi adalah cross-sectional studi dengan disain retrospective dengan data sekunder (rekam medis). Hasil: Laki-laki memiliki kasar prevalensi yang lebih tinggi dibanding wanita sebanyak 57.9% dan 42.1%. Infeksi hepatitis C kronis tertinggi di kelompok usia tertinggi, dari usia 60 tahun dan ke atas, sebanyak 38% dari kedua jenis kelamin. Jumlah pasien yang terpresentasi dengan komorbiditi lebih banyak di laki-laki. Namun, sebnyak 73.7% dari total wanita yang terpresentasi dengan komorbiditi, dan hanya 70.7% dari total laki-laki yang terpresentasi dengan komorbiditi.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is classified under the Hepacivirus genus and Flaviviridae family. It is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis and liver disease. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause both acute and chronic infection. Acute HCV infection is usually asymptomatic, and is rarely associated with life- threatening diseases. However, patients with chronic HCV infection may develop liver cirrhosis, liver damage or even liver cancer if left untreated. Hepatitis C virus is a bloodborne virus. It is usually transmitted through exposure of small quantities for blood. For instance, sharing of syringes or needles for injection or even unsterilized medical equipment (syringes and needles). In fact, hepatitis C virus (HCV) can also be transmitted through sexual contact, though it is less commonly found. Aim: To study the profile and prevalence of the chronic hepatitis C infected patients who were treated at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from the year 2015 to 2018. Method: The method for this study is cross-sectional study using retrospective design using secondary data (medical record). Results: Males have a higher prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection compared to females which is 57.9% and 42.1% respectively. Chronic hepatitis C infection is highest in the largest age group, above 60 years old, which is approximately 38% of the total amount of patients from both genders. Number of patients presented with comorbidities were higher in male patients. However, a total of 73.7% of the total female patients were presented with comorbidities, whereas, only 70.7% of total male patients were presented with comorbidities.

Kata Kunci : chronic, age, gender, comorbidity, coinfections, multiple chronic conditions