ANALISIS DETAIL KONURBASI UNTUK PROSES PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG DI KABUPATEN BANTUL

SUMARTINI, Ir. Agam Marsoyo., M.Sc., P.hD

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Kabupaten Bantul merupakan salah satu wilayah pinggiran kota yang menerima ekspansi fisik atau pemadatan bangunan dari perkembangan Kota Yogyakarta. Ekspansi fisik kota ke wilayah pinggiran hingga mengaburkan batas adminisitrasi membentuk konurbasi monosentris. Konurbasi ini membawa dampak pada tingginya perubahan alih fungsi lahan, kemacetan, kriminal, dan perubahan kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat. Kondisi akan semakin parah bila tanpa ada pengendalian. Belum adanya kajian konurbasi lebih detail dengan batasan fisik morfologi di wilayah pinggiran kota menyebabkan sulitnya pengendalian tata ruang. Terbatasnya waktu, biaya, dan tenaga menjadi kendala dalam pengkajian konurbasi pada wilayah yang luas namun detail. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini yaitu; 1)mendeskripsikan peran teknologi berbasis spasial dalam identifikasi area konurbasi secara detail di Kabupaten Bantul dan 2)menemukan batas area konurbasi lebih rinci di Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deduktif kualitatif-kuntitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Bantul dengan fokus kajian di tiga kecamatan pinggiran Kota Yogyakarta yaitu Kecamatan Kasihan, Kecamatan Sewon, dan Kecamatan Banguntapan dengan batasan penelitian adalah fisik morfologi. Variabel yang digunakan berupa variabel fisik dan variabel non fisik. Variabel fisik meliputi pemanfaatan lahan, bangunan (kepadatan bangunan dan fungsi bangunan), dan sirkulasi (kepadatan jaringan jalan dan lalu lintas). Sementara, variabel non fisik meliputi mata pencaharian, kepadatan penduduk, kontak sosial, strata sosial, mobilitas sosial, kontrol sosial, sifat masyarakat, aktivitas ekonomi, dan gaya hidup. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Spasial yang terdiri dari lima tahapan, yaitu interpretasi visual, klasifikasi, overlay, verifikasi menggunakan aplikasi seluler berbasis spasial dan wawancara, dan deliniasi akhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, 1)teknologi berbasis spasial sangat berperan dalam proses identifikasi area konurbasi secara detail dari aspek fisik. Teknologi GIS membantu mengidentifikasi wilayah penelitian yang masuk area konurbasi sebelum observasi dan menyeleksi area setelah observasi. Seleksi area konurbasi melalui verifikasi hasil observasi menggunakan aplikasi seluler berbasis spasial yaitu Mapit GIS dan Timestamp Camera berupa kenampakan citra detail, catatan pengamatan dan gambar berkoordinat. 2)secara fisik dan non fisik area konurbasi Kabupaten Bantul dari perbatasan kabupaten-kota sampai area sekitar luar ring road dengan batas fisik morfologi berupa sungai, jalan, dan deretan bangunan berbatasan dengan hamparan sawah.

Bantul Regency is one of the suburban areas that received physical expansion or compaction of buildings from the development of the City of Yogyakarta. The physical expansion of the city to the periphery has blured the administrative boundary then formed a monocentric conurbation. This conurbation has an impact on the high change in land use change, traffic jams, crime, and changes in the socio-cultural conditions of the community. The condition will get worse if there is no control. The detailed area of conurbations with physical morphology boundaries has not been researched causes difficulty in spatial control. Limited time, cost, and energy become obstacles in the study of conurbations over a large but detailed area. Based on this, the purpose of this research are; 1) describe the role of spatial technology in the identification of detailed conurbation areas in Bantul Regency and 2) find the boundaries of detailed conurbation areas in Bantul Regency. This research used a qualitative-quantitative deductive method. This research location in Bantul Regency focus in three peri urban region of Yogyakarta City, namely Kasihan District, Sewon District, and Banguntapan District with the limitation of the study is physical morphology. The variables used in this research is physical variables and non-physical variables. Physical variables were land use, buildings (building density and building functions), and circulation (road network density and traffic). Meanwhile, non-physical variables include livelihoods, population density, social contact, social strata, social mobility, social control, the nature of society, economic activity, and lifestyle. The data analysis technique in this study was Spatial Analysis which consists of five stages, were visual interpretation, classification, overlay, verification using spatial-based cellular applications and interviews, and final delineation. The results showed, 1) spatial-based technology played an important role in the process of identifying detailed conurbation areas from physical aspects. GIS technology helped identify research areas that entered the conurbation area before observation and selected areas after observation. Selection of the conurbation area through verification of observation results using spatial-based cellular applications namely Mapit GIS and Timestamp Camera showed image displays, observational notes and coordinated images. 2) physical and non-physical conurbation areas of Bantul Regency from the regency-city administrative border to the surrounding area outside the ring road with physical morphological boundaries, that’s are rivers, roads, and rows of buildings bordering rice fields.

Kata Kunci : Area Konurbasi, Batas Fisik Morfologi, Teknologi berbasis Spasial.