PENERJEMAHAN MAKIAN DALAM FILM KOMEDI

AYU SHADRINA S, Dr. Sajarwa, M.Hum.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

INTISARI Perbedaan norma berbahasa tidak dapat dihindari dalam proses penerjemahan subtitle film, salah satunya adalah ujaran makian. Fenomena tersebut mendorong penerjemah untuk menggunakan berbagai strategi agar kesepadanan di teks sasaran dapat tercapai. Namun dalam prosesnya, kesepadanan khususnya pada konteks pragmatik tidak selalu dapat ditemukan di teks sasaran. Hal ini disebabkan tidak ditemukan ujaran makian yang sesuai sehingga hasil terjemahan menjadi netral. Permasalahan diatas melahirkan tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan strategi penerjemahan ujaran makian yang digunakan di dalam subtitle film komedi Superbad, Yes Man, dan The Hangover menggunakan teori Davoodi (2009: 130-137) sehingga dapat ditemukan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil terjemahan. Kemudian kaitan antara strategi penerjemahan dan fungsi pragmatik dianalisis menggunakan teori Wajnyrb (2005: 34-35). Metode pengumpulan data yaitu (1) menonton ketiga film komedi Superbad, Yes Man, dan The Hangover; (2) mentranskripsi ujaran makian serta terjemahannya; (3) menyalin data makian dengan mencantumkan nomor serta sumber data berdasarkan urutan data makian yang ditemukan dan kemudian dikelompokkan ke dalam bentuk tabel. Setelah semua data terkumpul, strategi penerjemahan serta fungsi pragmatik yang digunakan di teks sumber dan teks sasaran dianalisis. Analisis teks sumber dan teks sasaran menggunakan metode deskriptif. Adapun metode deskriptif komparatif digunakan untuk membandingkan ujaran makian di teks sumber dengan teks sasaran. Hasil analisis yaitu keseluruhan strategi milik Davoodi (2009: 130-137) digunakan yaitu strategi cencorship (penghapusan), substitution (penggantian), taboo for taboo (tabu ke tabu), dan euphemism (ujaran halus). Selanjutnya ditemukan ujaran makian di teks sumber yang tidak dipertahankan di teks sasaran. Adapun terdapat makian yang tetap dipertahankan di teks sasaran. Selain itu, kaitan strategi penerjemahan dan fungsi pragmatik yang ditemukan yaitu terdapat fungsi pragmatik dari hasil makian yang dilontarkan para aktor dipertahankan dan tidak dipertahankan. Adapun ditemukan fungsi pragmatik menjadi lemah di teks sasaran.

ABSTRACT Difference in language norms cannot be avoided in the process of translating movie subtitles, one of them is swear word. This phenomenon encourages translators to use various strategies so that the equivalence in the target text can be achieved. But in the process, the equivalence in pragmatic context cannot always be found in target text. It happens because the appropriate swear word cannot be found so that the translation results are neutral. The problem above raises the purpose of this research, that is to determine the strategy of swear word translating used in comedy movie subtitles by using Davoodi's theory (2009: 130-137) so that the effect on the translation results can be found. Then, the correlation between translation strategies and pragmatic functions were analyzed by using Wajnyrb's theory (2005: 34-35). Data collection methods were (1) watched all three comedy movies of Superbad, Yes Man, and The Hangover; (2) transcribed the swear words and also the translations by including the number and source of data based on the order of the data found and then grouped into table form. After all the data had been collected, translation strategies and pragmatic functions in source text and target text were analyzed. Analysis of source text and target text used descriptive methods. The comparative descriptive method was used to compare source text with target text. The results of the analysis that is Davoodi's (2009: 130-137) strategies are used, namely cencorship, substitution, taboo for taboo, and euphemism. Furthermore, it was found that swear word in source text was not maintained and maintained in target text. Then, the relation between translation strategy and pragmatic function that is there was a pragmatic function of swear word that was brought up by the actors, which was maintained and not maintained. Besides, pragmatic function was found to be weak in the target text. Keywords: movie translation, translation strategies, swear word, taboo terms, comedy movie

Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci: penerjemahan film, strategi penerjemahan, ujaran makian, istilah tabu, film komedi/Keywords: movie translation, translation strategies, swear word, taboo terms, comedy movie