PROFIL DEFISIT DAN GEJALA SISA NEUROLOGI PADA INFEKSI CMV DI RSUP DR.SARDJITO

EMI DWI WULANDARI, dr. Agung Triono, Sp.A (K); dr. Wahyu Damayanti, M.Sc., Sp.A(K)

2020 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) adalah virus yang banyak menyebabkan kelainan kongenital. Infeksi CMV kongenital di negara maju terjadi 0.3-2.4% dari seluruh kelahiran hidup. Bayi dengan infeksi CMV kongenital sebanyak 10-15% akan muncul gejala klinis ringan-berat. Infeksi CMV juga menyebabkan gejala sisa. Manifestasi neurologi infeksi CMV di antaranya adalah mikrosefali, kejang, sensorineural hearing loss, dan kelainan neuroimaging. Mengingat banyak kasus CMV yang terjadi, penting untuk mengetahui manifestasi dan gejala sisa neurologi terkait infeksi CMV. Belum ditemui penelitian terkait profil defisit dan gejala sisa neurologi pada infeksi CMV khususnya di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui manifestasi klinis neurologi dan gejala sisa neurologi pada infeksi CMV di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan studi retrospektif observasional menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien. Didapatkan 173 subjek dengan infeksi CMV memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi usia 0-6 tahun . Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deksriptif univariat. Data mengenai karakteristik subjek penelitian disajikan dalam tabel dan narasi. Data kategori disajikan dalam bentuk proporsi dan data numerik disajikan sebagai rerata, median, dan standard deviasi. Hasil: Infeksi CMV menimbulkan banyak manifestasi klinis dan neurologi. Tiga manifestasi terbanyak adalah kelainan neuroimaging (85.00%), developmental delay (67,63%), dan SNHL (Sensorineural Hearing Loss) (66,41%). Pada neuroimaging, ditemukan kelainan USG kepala (72,00%) dan kelainan CT scan (88,78%). Infeksi CMV menimbulkan gejala sisa. Tiga terbanyak adalah epilepsi (39,33%), SNHL (30,34%), dan cerebral palsy (28,09%). Gejala sisa lain adalah ADHD (1,12%) dan ASD (1,12%). Kesimpulan: Infeksi CMV menimbulkan manifestasi neurologi dan gejala sisa neurologi dengan jenis dan presentase yang bervariasi.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that most causes congenital abnormalities. Congenital CMV infections in developed countries occur 0.3-2.4% of all live births. Infants with congenital CMV infection of 10-15% will develop mild-severe clinical symptoms. CMV infection also causes sequelae. Neurogical manifestations of CMV infection include microcephaly, seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, and neuroimaging abnormalities. Many cases of CMV infection is occur, So it is important to know the neurological manifestations and neurological sequelae associated with CMV infection. No research has been found related to neurological deficit and neurological sequelae in CMV infection, especially in Dr. Sardjito hospital and in Indonesia. Objective:To determine the neurological manifestasions and neurological sequelae in CMV infection at RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Methods: This study uses a descriptive design with an observational retrospective study using secondary data in the form of a patient's medical record. 173 subjects with CMV infection met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for ages 0-6 years. The analytical method used is univariate descriptive analysis. Data about subject characteristics are presented in tables and narratives. Categorical data are presented in proportions and numerical data are presented as mean, median, and standard deviation. Results:CMV infection gives rise to many clinical and neurological manifestations. The top three are neuroimaging abnormalities (85,00%), developmental delay (67,63%), and SNHL (66,41%). In neuroimaging, USG abnormalities (72,00%) and CT scan abnormalities (88,78%) were found. CMV infection also causes many sequelae. The top three are epilepsy (39,33%), SNHL (30,34%), and cerebral palsy (28,09%). Other sequelae are ADHD (1.12%) and ASD (1,12%). Conclusion: CMV infection causes neurological manifestations and neurological sequelae with various types and percentages

Kata Kunci : infeksi, cytomegalovirus, neurologi, gejala sisa