RISIKO PRODUKSI DAN HARGA PADA USAHATANI KENTANG DI DESA PENANGGUNGAN KECAMATAN WANAYASA KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA

Intan Krisma Putri, Dr. Ir. Lestari Rahayu Waluyati, M.P.; Arini Wahyu Utami, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 EKONOMI PERTANIAN DAN AGRIBISNIS

Kentang dapat ditanam sepanjang tahun di Indonesia, tetapi risiko produksi dan harga pada usahatani kentang dapat berbeda di setiap musim tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui risiko produksi dan harga pada usahatani kentang berdasarkan musim tanam; (2) Mengetahui adanya perbedaan produksi, harga output, biaya, dan pendapatan pada usahatani kentang di masing-masing musim tanam; (3) Mengetahui musim tanam yang paling berisiko dan musim tanam yang direkomendasikan untuk usahatani kentang. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Penanggungan Kecamatan Wanayasa Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Sampel sejumlah 40 petani kentang diambil menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Data yang dianalisis adalah data usahatani kentang pada musim hujan, musim kemarau, dan musim hujan-kemarau atau masa peralihan dari musim hujan ke musim kemarau. Risiko produksi dan harga pada usahatani kentang diukur dengan koefisien variasi. Produksi, harga output, biaya, dan pendapatan usahatani kentang dibandingkan menggunakan one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance, uji lanjut Bonferroni correction, uji Friedman,, dan uji lanjut Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Produksi dan harga output usahatani kentang memiliki risiko tertinggi pada musim hujan dan terendah pada musim hujan-kemarau; (2) Terdapat perbedaan produksi, harga output, biaya, dan pendapatan pada usahatani kentang di masing-masing musim tanam, (3) Waktu tanam yang paling berisiko untuk usahatani kentang adalah musim hujan dan waktu tanam yang direkomendasikan adalah musim hujan-kemarau.

Potato can be grown year-round in Indonesia, however production and price risk of potato farming may vary depending on the growing season. This research aims to: (1) Analyze production and output price risk of potato farming in each growing season; (2) Examine statistical differences between yield, output price, cost, and income of potato farming in each growing season; (3) Determine which growing season is the riskiest and which is recommended for growing potato. The study was conducted in Penanggungan Subdistrict Wanayasa District Banjarnegara Regency. Samples of 40 potato farmers were taken by using simple random sampling method. Data of potato farming in rainy season, dry season, and transitional season from rainy to dry season were used for analysis. Production and price risk of potato farming were measured with coefficient of variation. Yield, output price, cost, and income of potato farming were compared by using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance, Bonferroni correction post-hoc test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank post-hoc test. This study found that: (1) The highest risk level of potato farming yield and output price occurred on rainy season, meanwhile the lowest risk level occurred on transitional season; (2) There were statistical differences between yield, output price, cost, and income of potato farming in each growing season; (3) Rainy season is the riskiest growing season for potato, meanwhile transitional season is recommended for potato cultivation.

Kata Kunci : usahatani kentang, risiko produksi, risiko harga, musim tanam, potato farming, production risk, price risk, growing season