Preparasi Biodiesel melalui Transesterifikasi In Situ Berbantuan Gelombang Mikro dari Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris dengan Reagen Metanol

Randy Adhiputra, Prof. Dr. Karna Wijaya, M.Eng; Dra. Ani Setyopratiwi, M.Si.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

PREPARASI BIODIESEL MELALUI TRANSESTERIFIKASI IN SITU BERBANTUAN GELOMBANG MIKRO DARI MIKROALGA Chlorella vulgaris DENGAN REAGEN METANOL Randy Adhiputra 15/379641/PA/16699 INTISARI Preparasi biodiesel melalui transesterifikasi in situ berbantuan gelombang mikro dari mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris dengan reagen metanol telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan melakukan transesterifikasi in situ berbantuan gelombang mikro dari C. vulgaris dengan reagen metanol dan katalis KOH, sentrifugasi dan evaporasi pelarut. Proses transesterifikasi in situ dilakukan dengan variasi rasio biomassa terhadap metanol, waktu reaksi dan konsentrasi katalis. Setiap produk dilakukan uji GC-MS untuk menentukan rendemen FAME yang dihasilkan. Produk hasil reaksi dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR dan 1H-NMR. Serbuk mikroalga sebelum dan sesudah reaksi diamati dengan SEM. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hasil produk dengan rendemen FAME tertinggi yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 11,00% dengan rasio biomassa terhadap metanol 1:12, waktu reaksi 40 menit dan konsentrasi katalis 2%. Komposisi biodiesel (metil ester) berdasarkan hasil analisis GC-MS pada produk dengan rendemen FAME tertinggi yaitu terdiri dari metil miristat (5,98%), metil palmitoleat (22,87%), metil palmitat (29,36%), metil linoleate (1,78%), metil oleat (3,02%), metil arachidonate (2,45%) dan metil 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoat (15,29%). Konversi metil ester yang dihasilkan pada produk dengan rendemen FAME tertinggi yaitu sebesar 77,64%.

BIODIESEL PREPARATION THROUGH MICROWAVE-ASSISTED IN SITU TRANSESTERIFICATION OF Chlorella vulgaris MICROALGAE WITH METHANOL AS REAGENT Randy Adhiputra 15/379641/PA/16699 ABSTRACT Biodiesel preparation through microwave-assisted in situ transesterification of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae with methanol as reagent has been conducted. The research began with microwave-assisted in situ transesterification of C. vulgaris with methanol as reagent and KOH as catalyst, sentrifugation, and solvent evaporation. In situ transesterification process was done by varying the ratio of biomass to solvent, reaction time, and catalyst concentration. Each of product was characterized by using GC-MS to calculate FAME yield. Reaction product was characterized by using FTIR and 1H-NMR. Microalgae powders before and after the reaction were observed by using SEM. The result showed that product with the highest FAME yield obtained was 11.00% with ratio of biomass to methanol 1:12, reaction time of 40 minutes, and catalyst concentration of 2%. The composition of biodiesel (methyl ester) based on the results of GC-MS analysis on products with the highest FAME yield consisting of methyl myristate (5.98%), methyl palmitoleate (22.87%), methyl palmitate (29.36%), methyl linoleate (1.78%), methyl oleate (3.02%), methyl arachidonate (2.45%), and methyl 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoate (15.29%). The conversion of methyl esters produced on products with the highest FAME yield was 77.64%.

Kata Kunci : biodiesel, chlorella, gelombang mikro, metil ester, transesterifikasi in situ