HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT KELAHIRAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-59 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SENTOLO 2 KABUPATEN KULON PROGO

FAILA RATNA SUFA, Sri Hartini, S.Kep., NS., M.Kes., Ph.D.

2019 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK SV

Berat lahir memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan tinggi badan anak selanjutnya yang akan mengarah pada keadaan stunting. Stunting berhubungan sangat kuat terhadap keterlambatan kognitif di masa kanak-kanak dan berdampak jangka panjang terhadap mutu sumber daya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara riwayat kelahiran BBLR dengan stunting pada anak usia 6-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sentolo 2 Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Tuksono pada Bulan Oktober 2019 dengan melibatkan 139 responden. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling. Data diperoleh dari pengukuran panjang/tinggi badan anak serta kuesioner yang berisi karakteristik responden dan riwayat berat lahir anak. Untuk analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari total responden terdapat 22 anak (15,8%) yang mengalami stunting, 22,7% memiliki riwayat kelahiran dengan BBLR dan 77,3% memiliki riwayat berat badan lahir normal. Hasil uji statisik didapatkan nilai p-value sebesar 0,034 yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara riwayat kelahiran BBLR dengan stunting pada anak usia 6-59 bulan. Dalam uji multivariat, hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berpengaruh dalam kejadian stunting adalah postur tubuh ibu, dengan nilai p-value 0,003.

Birth weight has a large impact on subsequent growth, development and height of the child which will lead to a state of stunting. Stunting has a very strong relationship to cognitive delays in childhood and has a long-term impact on the quality of resources.This study was aimed to find out whether there is a relationship between the history of low birth weight (LBW) and stunting in 6-59 months old children in the work area of Sentolo 2 Public Health Centre Kulon Progo Regency. The study used cross sectional design method. This research was conducted at Tuksono Village in October 2019, involving 139 respondents. The sample was collected using random sampling method. The data were obtained from measurement of height's children and questionnaires containing the characteristics of respondents and the child's birth weight history. The bivariate data was analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of the study showed that out of the total respondesnts there were 22 stunted children (15.8%), 22.7% had a birth history with low birth weight and 77.3% had a history of normal birth weight. The statistic test results obtained a p-value of 0.034 which means there is a relationship between birth history of low birth weight and stunting in children aged 6-59 months. In a multivariat test, the result of the regression analysis showed that the dominant factor that affected on stunting was the mother's posture, with a p-value of 0.003.

Kata Kunci : Stunting, BBLR, postur tubuh ibu