ANALISIS KERENTANAN TSUNAMI DI SEBAGIAN WILAYAH PESISIR GUNUNGKIDUL YOGYAKARTA (Studi Kasus : Wilayah Kepesisiran Drini Kabupaten Gunungkidul)

MEILINDA DAMAYANTI, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Muh Aris Marfai, S.Si., M.Sc

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER GEOGRAFI

Indonesia termasuk salah satu negara yang memiliki tingkat kegempaan yang tinggi di dunia. Salah satu bencana yang perlu diperhatikan di wilayah pesisir yaitu tsunami. Salah satu lokasi yang sering mengalami bencana tsunami di Indonesia adalah pesisir di selatan Pulau Jawa. Wilayah Kepesisiran Drini mempunyai potensi terdampak tsunami yang cukup luas berdasarakan peta run up dari skenario ketinggian 4 meter hingga 12 meter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) menganalisis tingkat kerentanan sosial dan ekonomi di sebagian pesisir Gunungkidul 2) menganalisis strategi mitigasi yang tepat terhadap wilayah yang rentan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi literature, data monografi desa dan laporan instansi terkait. Metode analisis data meliputi analisis AHP, overlay, dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingkat kerentanan sosial dan ekonomi wilayah kepesisiran Pantai Drini dari 74 rumah tangga menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga dengan tingkat rendah adalah 32,43%, kerentanan sedang 55,40%, dan kerentanan tinggi 12,16%.(2) Strategi mitigasi yang tepat pada wilayah rentan di Wilayah Kepeisisran Drini adalah pada mitigasi non struktural yaitu pengetahuan masyarakat, penyuluhan dan pendidikan, dan sikap saat terjadi bencana tsunami.

Indonesia is one of countries with a very active seismic activities in the world, that has resulted in many disasters, including tsunamis in many of its coastal areas. One of the locations most frequently affected by the tsunami in Indonesia is Coastal in the south of Java Island. The Drini Coastal Region has a wide enough tsunami potential based on maps ranging from scenarios of 4 meters to 12 meters. As Indonesia especially Gunungkidul is really prone to hit by tsunami, this study was conducted to 1) analyze the level of social and economic participation on the coast of Gunungkidul 2) analyze the mitigation strategies that are appropriate for vulnerable areas. This study uses census method. The types of data collected are primary data and secondary data. Primary data is obtained through field observations and interviews. Secondary data was obtained through literature studies, village monograph data, and reports of related agencies. Data analysis methods include AHP analysis, overlay, and descriptive. The results showed that: (1) the level of social and economic vulnerability of the Drini coastal area based on 74 households showed that households with low-level vulnerability accounted for 32,43%, medium vulnerability was 55,40%, and high vulnerability was 12,16% ( (2) appropriate mitigation strategies in vulnerable areas on the coast of Drini Coast are in non-structural mitigation, namely community knowledge, education, and response during the occurrence of tsunami.

Kata Kunci : Tsunami, Kerentanan, AHP, Gunungkidul