Sebaran Intensitas Ultraviolet Berdasarkan elevasi dan Waktu Pengukuran Sebagai Dasar Fototerapi Alami (Daylight Phototherapy) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

SULISTYA N, dr.Arief Budiyanto,Ph.D,Sp.KK(K); Dr.dr.Sunardi Radiono, Sp.KK(K)

2019 | Tesis-Spesialis | DERMATOLOGI DAN VENEREOLOGI

Latar Belakang: Matahari sebagai sumber fototerapi alami, intensitasnya dipengaruhi elevasi permukaan, waktu harian, letak lintang, iklim dan faktor biofisik. Faktor tersebut dipertimbangkan untuk menentukan waktu dan durasi fototerapi alami. Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran sebaran intensitas UV elevasi 0-950 mdpl, pada waktu dan bulan berbeda untuk menentukan waktu dan durasi fototerapi alami di DIY. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional. Intensitas UV diukur per 10 menit menggunakan irradiancemeter pada 19 lokasi, elevasi 0-50 mdpl sampai 900-950 mdpl. Tahap-I pada Oktober-November dan tahap-II Maret-April, dengan 3 sesi pengukuran setiap tahap (pagi, siang, sore). Hasil: Intensitas UV kedua tahap: Pagi-2 meningkat dibandingkan Pagi-1 yaitu UVA 62% dan 97%; UVB 153% dan 225%; NBUVB 144% dan 223%;intensitas UVA-Siang meningkat 43% dan 1%, UVB 52% dan 31%; NBUVB 72% dan 30%. Sore hari UVA menurunWaktu dan durasi berjemur bulan Maret-April yaitu UVA pk.07.00-08.30 WIB: 7� (>600-950 mdpl), 11� (>300-600 mdpl), 13� (0-300 mdpl); atau pk.15.00-16.00 WIB: 20� (>600-950 mdpl), 19� (>300-600 mdpl),13� (0-300 mdpl); UVB: pk.08.30-10.00 WIB dan 11.00-13.00 WIB dengan durasi 5� dan 4� (>600-950 mdp), 7� dan 5� (>300-600 mdpl) dan 8� dan 6� (0-300 mdpl). Kesimpulan : Gambaran sebaran intensitas UV elevasi 0-950 mdpl bulan Maret-April lebih tinggi dibandingkan Oktober-November. Intensitas pagi rendah, siang memuncak dan sore menurun. Waktu berjemur kedua tahap pengukuran sama,UVA pk.07.00-08.30 atau pk.15.00-16.00 WIB; UVB pk.08.30-13.00 WIB.Durasi berjemur UVA dan UVB per kelompok elevasi hanya direkomendasikan pada bulan Maret-April (cuaca cerah) berdasarkan dosis inisial dan tipe kulit.

Background: The sun is a source for natural phototherapy, it�s intensity influenced by surface elevation, daily time, latitude, climate and biophysical factors. These factors are considered to determine the time of UV exposure for natural phototherapy. Objective: To get an overview of the distribution of UV elevation from 0-950 meters above sea level, at different times and month to determine the time of natural phototherapy in Yogyakarta. Methods: Descriptive observational research. UV intensity was measured per 10 minutes using an irradiancemeter at 19 locations, elevation from 0-50 masl to 900-950 masl. Phase I in October-November and phase II March-April. Each stage is devided into 3 measurement sessions (morning, afternoon, evening). Results: UV intensity of the two phase: Morning-2 increased compared to Morning-1, which UVA 62% and 97%; UVB 153% and 225%; NBUVB 144% and 223%; UVA intensity at mid day increased by 43% and 1%, UVB by 52% and 31%; NBUVB by 72% and 30%. In the afternoon UVA decreased by 71% and 69%; UVB by 85% and 83%; NBUVB by 86% and 83%. The time and duration of sunbathing in March-April are UVA at 07.00-08.30 WIB: 7 '(> 600-950 masl), 11' (> 300-600 masl), 13 '(0-300 masl); or at 15:00 to 16:00 WIB: 20'(> 600-950 masl), 19' (> 300-600 masl), 13 '(0-300 masl); UVB: at 08:30-10:00WIB and 11:00-13:00 WIB with duration of 5'and 4' (> 600-950 mdp), 7'and 5' (> 300-600 masl) and 8' and 6'(0-300 masl). Conclusion: The distribution of UV intensity at elevation from 0-950 masl in March-April is higher than October-November. Morning had low intensity,afternoon was peaked and evening was decreased. Sunbathing time for both measurements is the same, UVA at 07.00-08-08.30 or 15.00-16.00 WIB; UVB pk.08.30-13.00 WIB. The duration of UVA and UVB sunbathing per elevation group is only recommended in March-April (sunny weather) based on initial dosage and skin type.

Kata Kunci : natural phototherapy, ultraviolet, UVA, UVB/ natural phototherapy, ultraviolet, UVA, UVB