DAMPAK BANTUAN LANGSUNG SEMENTARA MASYARAKAT (BLSM) TERHADAP PENGELUARAN KONSUMSI RUMAH TANGGA DI PULAU JAWA

RETNO SEPTINA W, Dr. Akhmad Makhfatih, M.A.

2019 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak program Bantuan Langsung Sementara Masyarakat (BLSM) terhadap pengeluaran dan proporsi pengeluaran konsumsi rumah tangga penerima bantuan BLSM di Pulau Jawa. Data penelitian bersumber dari data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2007 dan 2014. Total sampel terpilih sebanyak 1.792 unit rumah tangga, terdiri dari 510 rumah tangga kelompok perlakuan dan 1.282 rumah tangga kelompok kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan metode difference in differences (DiD). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa BLSM berkorelasi positif terhadap total pengeluaran konsumsi rumah tangga. Selain itu, diperoleh hasil estimasi bahwa rata-rata pengeluaran dan proporsi biaya pendidikan penerima bantuan lebih tinggi Rp46.589 dan 2,49 persen per bulan. Meskipun demikian, penerima bantuan mempunyai rata-rata proporsi pengeluaran konsumsi lebih rendah pada komoditi beras 1,62 persen dan gula pasir 0,29 persen. Keleluasaan program BLSM memungkinkan kelompok rumah tangga penerima untuk menggunakan bantuan berdasarkan preferensi masing-masing, sehingga dampak terhadap pengeluaran dan proporsi konsumsi rumah tangga menjadi beragam. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan efektifitas program, maka pemberian bantuan sebaiknya lebih spesifik berupa barang (in-kind transfer) seperti beras, telur, susu, dan sebagainya.

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the BLSM program on expenditure and the proportion of household consumption expenditure of BLSM beneficiaries in Java island. The data were obtained from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data for 2007 and 2014. In total, 1,792 samples were selected, consisting 510 of treatment groups and 1,282 control groups. The difference in differences (DiD) was employed to analyze the data. The results showed that BLSM was positively correlated to total household consumption spending. BLSM beneficiaries tend to have higher on average household consumption spending, particularly for education costs which are Rp46,589.39 per month as well as 2,49 percent higher in the proportion of household consumption than those who are not benefited from BLSM. Nevertheless, BLSM beneficiaries have a lower on the average proportion of household consumption spending of rice and sugar, 1.62 percent and 0.29 percent, respectively. However, BLSM is an unconditional cash transfer that provides flexibility to the beneficiaries to use it based on their preferences. Therefore, given the specific requirement as well as in-kind transfer (e.g. rice, egg, milk) might be useful to manage the outcomes in line with the objectives of the program.

Kata Kunci : BLSM, pengeluaran rumah tangga, DiD