Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Kapulaga (Amomum compactum) Dalam Air Minum Sebagai Fitobiotik Terhadap Produksi Karkas Dan Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler

WINARNO NUGRAHA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA., IPU., ASEAN Eng ; Ir. Edi Suryanto, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Senyawa aktif 1,8-sineol dalam minyak atsiri kapulaga (Amomum compactum) mempunyai sifat menghambat mikrobia patogen pada saluran pencernaan ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air minum yang diberi tambahan fitobiotik ekstrak kapulaga (Amomum compactum) terhadap produksi karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler yang dipelihara pada umur 8 sampai 35 hari. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 180 ekor ayam broiler jantan. Penelitian terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dan setiap ulangan berisi 9 ayam. Perlakuan terdiri dari air minum tanpa aditif pakan (kontrol negatif), air minum + antibiotik Tetracycline 25 mg/l (kontrol positif), air minum + 25 μl/l ekstrak kapulaga, air minum + 50 μl/l ekstrak kapulaga, air minum + 100 μl/l ekstrak kapulaga. Ransum basal yang diberikan disusun berbasis jagung-bungkil kedelai dengan kandungan protein kasar 21,77% dan energi metabolis 3.076,50 kcal/kg. Parameter yang diamati adalah produksi karkas dan lemak abdominal. Produksi karkas berupa bobot hidup, bobot karkas dan presentase karkas. Sedangkan lemak abdominal berupa bobot lemak abdominal dan presentase lemak abdominal terhadap bobot potong. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Anova pola satu arah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot karkas berkisar 1.873,00 ± 320,44 sampai 2.011,20 ± 93,03 g dan bobot lemak abdominal 11,50 ± 1,73 sampai 15,25 ± 2,06 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak kapulaga hingga level 100 μl/l dalam air minum tidak mempengaruhi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot lemak abdominal dan persentase lemak abdominal ayam broiler.

The active compound 1,8-cineol in cardamon essential oil (Amomum compactum) has the property of inhibiting pathogenic microbes in the digestive tract of livestock. This research was aims to determine the effect of diet supplementations with cardamom extract (Amomum compactum) through drinking water on carcass production of broiler chickens that were maintained at the age of 8 to 35 days. The material used in this research was 180 broilers. The research consisted of 5 treatments and 4 replications and each test contained 9 chickens. The treatments consisted of drinking water without feed additives (negative control), drinking water + Tetracycline antibiotics 25 mg/l (positive control), drinking water + 25 μl/l cardamon extract, drinking water + 50 μl/l cardamon extract, drinking water + 100 μl/l cardamon extract. The basal ration given was prepared based on corn-soybean meal with crude protein content of 21.77% and metabolic energy of 3,076.50 kcal/kg. The parameters observed were carcass production and abdominal fat. The production of carcass in the form of live body weight, carcass weight and percentage of carcass. While abdominal fat in the form of abdominal fat weight and the percentage of abdominal fat to cut weight. Data were analyzed statistically using the Anova one-way pattern. The results showed carcass weights ranged from 1,873.00 ± 320.44 to 2,011.20 ± 93.03 g and abdominal fat weights of 11.50 ± 1.73 to 15.25 ± 2.06 g. The results showed that the addition of cardamon extract (Amomum compactum) up to the level of 100 μl/l in drinking water did not affect the live body weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat weight and percentage of broiler chicken abdominal fat.

Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler, Kapulaga, Produksi karkas, Lemak abdominal