Evaluasi Pewarisan Karakter Agronomi Populasi F2 Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Hasil Persilangan antara Dua Padi Lokal Dan dua Padi Introduksi

NUR FARIDA SETYOWATI, Dr. Panjisakti Basunanda, S.P., M.P.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 PEMULIAAN TANAMAN

Peningkatan produksi padi dapat didukung dengan memanfaatkan plasma nutfah sebagai materi genetik untuk perakitan varietas unggul. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pola pewarisan karakter agronomi padi pada populasi F2. Pendugaan gen pengendali untuk karakter yang dikendalikan sedikit gen pada populasi F2 dicocokan terhadap nisbah Mendel. Karakter tebal gabah pada persilangan Blue Bonnet x Kasalath dan Kasalath x Mentik Wangi, serta jumlah anakan produktif pada persilangan Kasalath x Mentik Wangi dikendalikan oleh sedikit gen. Distribusi yang mendekati distribusi normal maka karakter tersebut bersifat kuantitatif yang dikendalikan oleh banyak gen. Nilai heritabilitas tinggi pada persilangan (Blue Bonnet x Kasalath), (Blue Bonnet x Mentik Wangi), (Blue Bonnet x Mentik Susu), (Kasalath x Mentik Wangi) terdapat pada karakter tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, dan panjang gabah.

Rice production can be increase by using germplasm as genetic material to assembly superior varieties. This research was conducted to determine the pattern of inheritance of rice agronomy characters in F2 population. Estimation of controlling gene for the characters which were controlled by few genes in F2 population was matched to Mendel's ratio. The seed breadth character of the Blue Bonnet x Kasalath and Kasalath x Mentik Wangi numbers, as well as the number of productive tillers in the crossing of Kasalath x Mentik Wangi are developed by many genes. Characters with normal distributions were conclude as quantitative character which were controlled by many genes. High heritability values in crossing (Blue Bonnet x Kasalath), (Blue Bonnet x Mentik Wangi), (Blue Bonnet x Mentik Susu), (Kasalath x Mentik Wangi) are related to the characteristics of plants height, flowering day, harvest day, panicle length, and seed length.

Kata Kunci : padi, karakter agronomi, pewarisan sifat, heritabilitas