Tingkah Laku Makan dan Minum Pedet Brahman Cross yang Dipelihara dalam Kandang di Lingkungan Perkebunan Sawit Didasarkan atas Perbedaan Waktu dalam Sehari

Sindi Ami Kholifah, Prof.Dr. Ir. Endang Baliarti, SU; Prof. Dr. Ir. Nono Ngadiyono, MS., IPM.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkah laku makan dan minum pedet Brahman Cross yang dipelihara dalam kandang di lingkungan perkebunan sawit didasarkan atas perbedaan waktu dalam sehari. Lokasi penelitian di perkebunan sawit di Sulung Ranch, Kotawaringin Barat, Pangkalan Bun, Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan 6 ekor pedet sapi Brahman Cross yang berumur 6 sampai 8 bulan yang memiliki bobot badan berkisar 200 sampai 250 kg. Pedet dipelihara di dalam kandang koloni. Selama penelitian pedet diberi pakan hijauan dan konsentrat, serta diberikan air minum. Data yang diambil meliputi tingkah laku selama 24 jam dilakukan setiap dua kali seminggu selama 3 minggu, konsumsi pakan dan konsumsi air minum. Kondisi lingkungan berupa suhu dan kelembaban kandang dicatat pada pukul 06.00, 12.00, 18.00, dan 24.00 WIB. Data lingkungan dan tingkah laku dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah untuk melihat pengaruh waktu terhadap tingkah laku. Konsumsi pakan dianalisis menggunakan analisis t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu lingkungan dicatat pada pukul 06.00, 12.00, 18.00, dan 24.00 WIB sebesar 25,82±0,60°C; 32,93±1,05°C; 29,72±0,97°C; dan 27,17±0,79°C. Sementara itu kelembaban lingkungan sebesar 96,17±3,82%; 58,50±5,09%; 75,50±7,26%; dan 88,33±4,93%. Lama makan pedet adalah 368,93±43,51 menit/hari dengan nilai minimal 26,44±12,43 menit dan maksimal 154,33±35,87 menit. Frekuensi makan pedet adalah 19,61±1,54 kali/hari dengan nilai minimal 1,89±1,13 kali dan maksimal 7,72±2,63 kali. Lama minum pedet adalah 8,05±0,99 menit/hari dengan nilai minimal 0,28±0,57 menit dan nilai maksimal 4,05±2,86 menit. Frekuensi minum pedet adalah 6,77±0,19 kali/hari dengan nilai minimal 0,28±0,57 kali dan maksimal 3,33±2,27 kali. Dari penelitian disimpulkan aktivitas makan dan minum utamanya dilakukan pada pagi dan siang hari, sehingga disarankan pemberian pakan dan minum dilakukan pagi dan siang hari.

This study aims to determine the eating and drinking behavior Brahman Cross calf kept on housing at oil palm plantation environment based on different time in a day. The research location was in a palm oil plantation in Sulung Ranch, Kotawaringin Barat, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan. The study used six calves Brahman Cross aged 6 to 8 months and initial body weights ranging from 200 to 250 kg. The calf kept in a separate colony. During the study, calves were feed forage and concentrate, and drinking water was provided. The data taken includes 24 hours of behavior carried out twice a week for three weeks, feed intake, and drinking water intake. Environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity of the pen recorded at 06.00 a.m, 12.00 a.m, 06.00 p.m, and 12.00 p.m. Environment and behavior data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to see the effect of time on behavior. Feed intake was analyzed by t-test. The environmental temperature at 06.00 a.m, 12.00 a.m, 06.00 p.m, and 12.00 p.m. were 25.82±0.60°C; 32.93±1.05°C; 29.72±0.97°C; and 27.17±0.79°C, meanwhile the environmental humidity were 96.17±3.82%; 58.50±5.09%; 75.50±7.26%; and 88.33±4.93%. The duration of eating were 368.93±43.51 minutes/day with minimum duration was 26.44±12.43 and maximum 154.33±35.87 minutes. The eating frequency were 19.61±1.54 times/day with minimum frequency was 1.89±1.13 and maximum 7.72±2.63 times. The duration of drinking were 8.05±0.99 minutes/day with minimum duration was 0.28±0.57 and maximum 4.05±2.86 minutes. The drinking frequency were 6.77±0.19 times/day with minimum frequency was 0.28±0.57 and maximum 3.33±2.27 times. The research concluded that eating and drinking activities are mainly carried out in the morning and afternoon, so it recommended that feeding and drinking be carried out in the morning and afternoon.

Kata Kunci : Pedet Brahman Cross, Tingkah laku makan dan minum, Lingkungan perkebunan kelapa sawit