KESIAPAN PERAWAT DAN DOKTER TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN EHR (ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD) DI RSA UGM YOGYAKARTA

RASYID HERLAMBANG WICAKSONO, Ariani Arista Putri Pertiwi, S.Kep., Ns., MAN., DNP; Sugiarsih, S.Kep., Ns., MPH

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Perkembangan rekam medis menjadi electronic health record (EHR) saat ini menjadi suatu kebutuhan rumah sakit. Banyaknya kelebihan yang dimiliki EHR memicu berbagai rumah sakit untuk mengubah rekam medisnya menjadi EHR. Perubahan ini memerlukan pengkajian kesiapan lebih dalam, terutama kepada para penggunanya, salah satu diantaranya klinisi (perawat dan dokter). Tujuan Penelitian: mengetahui gambaran kesiapan perawat dan dokter dalam penggunaan EHR di Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 41 dokter dan 137 perawat yang bekerja di ruang rawat inap RSA UGM. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti dari penelitian Koolaee et al. (2015). Analisis penelitian menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sikap positif dokter dalam penggunaan EHR sebesar 4,2 dari skala 5. Kemampuan penggunaan komputer yang paling dikuasai adalah kemampuan mengoperasikan Sistem Operasi Windows, pengetahuan mereka mengenai EHR cukup kurang terutama pada terminologi dan tujuan utama EHR. Sementara itu, perawat memiliki sikap positif terhadap EHR sebesar 4,0 dari skala 5, kemampuan penggunaan komputer yang paling dikuasai adalah kemampuan penggunaan email dan internet, serta pengetahuan mereka mengenai EHR juga cukup rendah terutama mengenai terminologi dan tujuan utama EHR. Kesimpulan: Perawat dan dokter RSA UGM memiliki kesiapan yang baik jika dilihat dari aspek sikap dan keterampilan penggunaan komputer. Mereka juga mengaku siap jika menghadapi penerapan EHR yang lebih komprehensif seperti EMRAM tingkat 7. Aspek yang masih perlu dikembangkan lagi adalah pengetahuan karena masih terdapat skor yang cukup rendah.

Background: Hospitals are expected to move toward implementing electronic health record. There are not only benefits promised by EHR implementation, but also challenges especially at the beginning of its' implementation. Physicians and nurses play pivotal roles as users to the success of EHR implementation. It is important to understand physicians and nurses' readiness in using EHR. Objective: to identify physician' and nurses' readiness in using EHR at one academic hospital in Indonesia. Method: This was a quantitative descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 178 clinicians (41 physicians and 137 nurses) who work at inpatient department in an academic hospital in Yogyakarta involved in the study. A questionnaire developed by Koolaee et al. (2015) was used to measure clinicians' readiness in the aspect of attitude toward EHR, computer skills, and knowledge about EHR. There are 7 computer skills which are asked, using Windows Operating System, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Access, Microsoft Powerpoint, Microsoft Excel, email and internet using, and overall skill on computer using. Questions about digitalization of patient documentation, digitalization of patient development graphic, connection of all equipment with EHR, barcode usage, and data integration for making decision were added to better understand their readiness. Result: The results showed that positive attitude of physicians in using EHR was 4.2 from 5, skills on computer which is most mastered by physicians was skill on using Windows Operating System, their knowledge about EHR was not really good, especially on terminology and main goals of EHR. While for nurses positive attitude towards EHR was 4.0 from 5, computer skills which is most mastered by nurses was email and internet using, and their knowledge about EHR was also not really good on terminology and main goals of EHR. Conclusion: Physicians and nurses are ready to use EHR, although they have slightly low scores on knowledge about EHR. Some factors that make clinicians' readiness high in this particular hospital are: most of staffs are in young age, it is a teaching hospital, the hospital has been implementing EHR since it is founded, and the staffs have positive attitudes toward EHR.

Kata Kunci : Kesiapan, klinisi, electronic health record, readiness, clinicians, physicians, nurse