Distribusi Penguasaan Lahan Petani Pemegang Izin Perhutanan Sosial di Desa Genengsari, Kecamatan Toroh, Kabupaten Grobogan

NURANI DWI HARJANTI, Slamet Riyanto, S.Hut., M.Si.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Pada tahun 2018, Gabungan Kelompok Tani Giri Indah di Desa Genengsari mendapat izin perhutanan sosial dalam bentuk Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS). Salah satu konsideran dari program IPHPS adalah masalah struktur penguasaan lahan di Pulau Jawa. Kebijakan IPHPS diharapkan dapat memperbaiki distribusi penguasaan lahan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui luas penguasaan lahan budidaya (2) mengevaluasi distribusi penguasaan lahan budidaya dan (3) membandingkan luas dan distribusi penguasaan lahan budidaya sebelum dan sesudah adanya program IPHPS. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan pemanfaatan data sekunder. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap 110 petani responden dari total 1.095 petani pemegang izin perhutanan sosial. Distribusi penguasaan lahan dianalisis dengan menggunakan indeks gini dan kurva lorenz. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Rata-rata luas penguasaan lahan budidaya sebesar 0,498 ha/ rumah tangga. (2) Distribusi penguasaan lahan budidaya kurang merata dengan nilai indeks gini sebesar 0,431. (3) Rata-rata luas penguasaan lahan budidaya menurun sebesar 0,20 ha/ rumah tangga serta distribusi lahannya menjadi terdistribusi merata dengan nilai indeks gini sebesar 0,208. Rata-rata luas penguasaan lahan di kawasan hutan menurun sebesar 0,026 ha/ rumah tangga dan distribusi lahan menjadi lebih tersebar merata dengan nilai indeks gini sebesar 0,106.

In 2018, the Giri Indah Farmers Group Association in Genengsari Village was granted social forestry working area in the form of forest utilization permit called Izin Pemanfaatan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS). One of the consideration of the IPHPS program is the problem of land tenure structure in java island, IPHPS is expected as a policy to improve distribution land tenure for farmer. This study aims to (1) determine the area of cultivated land tenure (2) evaluate the distribution of cultivated land tenure and (3) compare the area and distribution of cultivated land tenure before and after the IPHPS program. The basic method used in this research is the survey method. Data was collected through interviews, observations and use of secondary data. Interviews were conducted with 110 respondent farmers out of a total of 1.095 farmers holding social forestry permit. The distribution of land tenure was analyzed using the gini index and lorenz curve. The results of this study were (1) The average area of cultivated land tenure was 0.498 ha/ household. (2) The distribution of cultivated land tenure was classified as uneven with a gini index value of 0.431. (3) The average area of cultivated land tenure decreased by 0.20 ha/ household and the land distribution became evenly distributed with a gini index value of 0.208. The average area tenure in the forest area also decreased by 0.026 ha/ household and the land distribution become more evenly distributed with a gini index value of 0.106.

Kata Kunci : Perhutanan sosial, penguasaan lahan, indeks gini, kurva lorenz, ketimpangan