PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK GEOMORFIK HABITAT PENELURAN PENYU DI PESISIR NYAMPLONG KOBONG DAN PESISIR PASEBAN KABUPATEN JEMBER

ARLITA P, Dr. Djati Mardiatno, M.Si.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Penyu merupakan salah satu hewan yang tergolong dalam Apendix I berdasarkan CITES. Apendix I merupakan pengelompokkan hewan yang keberadaannya harus dilindungi dan tidak boleh diperjualbelikan. Salah satu habitat peneluran penyu di Indonesia, terdapat di Pesisir Nyamplong Kobong dan Pesisir Paseban, Kabupaten Jember. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan karakeristik habitat peneluran penyu di Pesisir Nyamplong Kobong dan Pesisir Paseban dan mengetahui jenis penyu paling adaptif di Pesisir Nyamplong Kobong dan Pesisir Paseban. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode systematic sampling (grid). Data utama yang digunakan mencakup aspek morfologi, material, proses geomorfik, serta fisiologis dan perilaku jenis penyu. Data tambahan yang digunakan adalah data vegetasi dan cuaca. Aspek morfologi terdiri dari panjang pantai, lebar pantai, dan kemiringan pantai. Aspek material berupa ukuran butir dan bentuk butir. Aspek proses geomorfik terdiri dari angin dan gelombang air laut. Data morfologi diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung dan estimasi penginderaan jauh. Data material berupa ukuran butir diperoleh melalui uji grain-size dan pengolahan Gradistat untuk mendapatkan statitstik ukuran butir seperti mean, sortasi, skewness, dan kurtosis. Data material berupa bentuk butir diperoleh melalui hasil foto mikrokamera kemudian dibandingkan dengan tabel kebulatan dan kebundaran. Data proses geomorfik berupa angin diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung dengan AWS, dan gelombang air laut diperoleh melalui rumus Airy. Data fisiologis dan perilaku penyu diperoleh melalui perbandingan studi litetur dengan wawancara in-depth. Data tambahan berupa cuaca diperoleh melalui AWS, dan vegetasi diperoleh melalui pengamatan. Pesisir Nyamplong Kobong dan Paseban merupakan lokasi yang ideal untuk habitat peneluran penyu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Pesisir Nyamplong Kobong dan Paseban memiliki morfologi yang datar hingga miring dan pantai yang luas. Material sedimen tersusun oleh pasir sedang, dan proses geomorfik yang dicirikan oleh tipe empasan gelombang berupa surging. Jenis penyu paling adaptif adalah Penyu Hijau (Chelonia mydas) karena memiliki tingkat produktivitas paling tinggi, mampu beradaptasi secara mudah, dan tidak mudah terancam.

Sea turtles are one of the animals that classified in Apendix I according to CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Apendix I is an animals category due to their near extinction so that their existence must be protected and may not be traded. Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area are examples of turtle nesting habitats in Indonesia. This research was aimed to know and to compare the characteristics of turtle nesting habitats in Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area, and to know the most adaptive turtle in Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area. The sample was conducted by systematic sampling (grid) method and quantitative. The main data in this research were morphological aspects, material, geomorphic process, and the physiological and behavioral of sea turtles. The additional data were vegetations and weather data. Morphological aspects consist of beach length, beach width, and coastal slope. Material aspects consist of grain-size and grain-shape. The geomorphic process consists of wind and wave. The morphological data were obtained through direct measurement and remote sensing estimates. The material data of grain-size were obtained through grain-size testing and Gradistat processing to get grain-size statistics such as mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis. The material data of grain-shape were obtained by the results of microcamera photos then compared to the sphericity and roundness table. The process data of wind were obtained from direct measurement by AWS, and wave obtained from Airy�s formula. The physiological and behavioral of sea turtles were obtained from a comparison of literature studies with in-depth interviews. The additional data of weather were obtained from AWS, and vegetations were obtained by observation. The Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area are ideal locations for turtle nesting habitats. The result of this research shows that Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area have a flat-oblique slope and wide beach. The materials are composed of medium sand, and the geomorphic process has a type of surging. The most adaptive turtle in Nyamplong Kobong coastal area and Paseban coastal area is The Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas), due to its highest level of productivity, able to adapt easily, and not easily threatened.

Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci : Adaptif, Habitat peneluran, Karakteristik Geomofik, Penyu, Pesisir