Keanekaragaman Lumut di Lingkungan Sekolah Menengah di Wilayah Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

NAJIKHA HIMMATUS TSUROYYA, Drs. Heri Sujadmiko, M.Si.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Penelitian mengenai kenekaragaman lumut di lingkungan sekolah menengah di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman spesies lumut di lingkungan sekolah sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai model pembelajaran biologi aplikatif sebagai wujud implementasi kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini sebelumnya telah dilakukan dibeberapa wilayah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yaitu Kotamadya Yogyakarta (Sujadmiko & Vitara, 2016), Kulon Progo (Sujadmiko & Sari, 2016) dan Sleman (Sujadmiko & Aripulis, 2017). Bantul yang merupakan salah satu wilayah di DIY belum dilakukan penelitian sehingga penelitian ini sangat penting untuk dilakukan demi melengkapi data spesies lumut di DIY. Koleksi lumut dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi di 33 sekolah. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan metode kuadrat plot 15x15 cm2. Keanekaragaman jenis lumut ditentukan dengan menggunakan indeks Shanon-Wiener. Hasil koleksi lumut dapat diidentifikasi menjadi 18 spesies dan tergolong dalam 3 kelas yaitu Hepaticopsida, Anthocerotopsida dan Bryopsida. Lumut tersebut adalah; Riccia glauca L., Riccia hasskarliana Steph., Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze., Lejeunea holtii Spruce., Porella sp., Anthoceros punctatus L., Notothylas javanicus (Sande, Lac.) Gottsche., Hyophilla involuta (Hook.) Jaeg., Gymnostomiella vernicosa (Hook.) Fleisch. Barbula javanica (Hook.) Spreng., Calymperes tenerum Mull. Hal., Octoblepharum albidum Hedwig., Fissidens atroviridis Besch., Fissidens gedehensis Fleisch., Bryum coronatum Schwaegr., Philonotis hastate (Duby) Wijk & Margad., Isopterygium albescens (Hook.) Jaeg., dan Taxithelium nepelense Brotherus. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragamannya tergolong sedang (2,31) dengan pola distrubsi random. Hyophila involuta dan Cyathodium cavernarum merupakan lumut yang terdistribusi luas dan merata sehingga tepat untuk digunakan sebagai model pembelajaran pengenalan lumut di lingkungan sekolah Kabupaten Bantul. Data penelitian lumut di DIY dapat dilengkapi oleh hasil penelitian ini.

The research on the diversity of Bryophytes in the middle school environment in the Bantul aims to find out the diversity of Bryophytes species in the school environment so that it can be used as a model of applicable biology learning as a form of implementing the 2013 curriculum. This research had previously been carried out in several regions in DIY. Yogyakarta Municipality (Sujadmiko & Vitara, 2016), Kulon Progo (Sujadmiko & Sari, 2016) and Sleman (Sujadmiko & Aripulis, 2017). Bantul, which is one of the regions in DIY, has not yet done research, so this research is very important to do in order to complete the data on species of Bryophytes in DIY. Collection of Bryophytes samples was carried out by the exploration method in 33 schools. Vegetation analysis was performed using the 15x15 cm2 quadratic plot method. The diversity of Bryophytes is determined by the Shanon-Wiener index. Bryophytes obtained has been identified into 18 species and can be grouped into 3 classes, namely Hepaticopsida, Anthocerotopsida and Bryopsida. There are; Riccia glauca L., Riccia hasskarliana Steph., Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze., Lejeunea holtii Spruce., Porella sp., Anthoceros punctatus L., Notothylas javanicus (Sande, Lac.) Gottsche., Hyophilla involuta (Hook.) Jaeg., Gymnostomiella vernicosa (Hook.) Fleisch. Barbula javanica (Hook.) Spreng., Calymperes tenerum Mull. Hal., Octoblepharum albidum Hedwig., Fissidens atroviridis Besch., Fissidens gedehensis Fleisch., Bryum coronatum Schwaegr., Philonotis hastata (Duby) Wijk & Margad., Isopterygium albescens (Hook.) Jaeg., and Taxithelius nepelense Brother. The Diversity Index value is classified as moderate (2.31) with a random distribution pattern. Hyophila involuta and Cyathodium cavernarum are Bryophytes that are widely distributed and evenly distributed so that they are suitable for use as a learning model for Bryophytes introduction at school environment in Bantul. Bryophytes diversity research data in DIY can be supplemented by the results of this study.

Kata Kunci : Keanekaragaman Lumut, Lingkugan sekolah menengah, Bantul / Diversity of Bryophytes, Secondary School Environment, Bantul