PEM6ARUH PERBEDAAN WAKTU PEMBATASAM PAKAN PADA AYAM BROILER TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS, HATI, DAN LEMAK ABDOMINAL

MA'RUF, AMRUL, Prof.Dr.Ir.Tri Yuwanta,SU.,DEA

2005 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan waktu pembatasan pakan pada ayam broiler terhadap persentase karkas, hati, dan lemak abdominal. Penelitian ini menggunakan 96 ekor DOC betina strain Lohman yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perlakuan, setiap perlakuan pakan diulangi tiga kali dengan menggunakan delapan ekor per ulangan. Pakan yang diberikan selama 42 hari penelitian mengandung 21% protein kasar dan energi metabolisme 3000 kcal/kg. Perlakuan adalah pemberian pakan tidak dibatasi sebagai kontrol (R0), pembatasan pakan 20% umur 3-4 minggu (Rl), pembatasan pakan 20% umur 4-5 minggu (R2), pembatasan pakan 20% umur 5-6 minggu (R3). Sebelum dan sesudah waktu pembatasan pakan ayam diberi pakan ad libitum. Ayam dipotong sebanyak 24 ekor yaitu mewakili masing-masing ulangan sebanyak dua ekor. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase bobot karkas, bobot hati, persentase bobot hati, bobot lemak abdominal, dan persentase bobot lemak abdominal. Data dianalisis dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola searah, selanjutnya diuji dengan Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembatasan pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, dan persentase bobot lemak abdominal (P<0,05), tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap persentase bobot karkas dan bobot hati. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa waktu pembatasan pakan pada ayam broiler betina yang terbaik adalah umur 4-5 minggu (R2), tidak mempengaruhi persentase karkas dan hati, tetapi dapat menurunkan persentase lemak abdominal sebesar 3,27% dibandingkan dengan kontrol (R0). (Kata kunci : Ayam broiler betina, Pembatasan pakan, Karkas, Hati, Lemak abdominal)

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different time of feed restriction in broiler chicken on carcass, liver, and abdominal fat percentages. Ninety six day old female broilers Lohman strain were • devided into four treatments in three replications with eight broilers each. The diets treatments were given during 42 days experiment containing 21% crude protein and 3000 kcal/kg metabolizable energy. The treatments were namely : normal feeding (control) (R0), restricted feeding at 3 to 4 weeks of age (Rl), restricted feeding at 4 to 5 weeks of age (R2), restricted feeding at 5 to 6 weeks of age (R3). Feed was allowed ad libitum before and after the restriction period. At 42 days of age two broilers from each replication were randomly slaughtered in order to obtain slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, liver weight, liver percentage, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage. The data were analysed by using analysis of variance of one way Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the differences between means were tested by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that feed restriction time had significant effect (P<0,05) on slaughter weight, carcass weight, and abdominal fat percentages, but not on the percentages of carcass and liver. It could be concluded that restricted feeding at 4 to 5 weeks of age (R2) resulted the highest decrease of abdominal fat at amount of 3,27% compared to the control (R0). There was no effect on carcass and liver of percentages. (Key words : Female broiler chickens, Feed restriction, Carcass, Liver, Abdominal fat)

Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler betina, Pembatasan pakan, Karkas, Hati, Lemak abdominal