Analisis Dampak Lingkungan Industri Semen Dan Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungannya

SRI SULASMI, Dr. dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA; Dr. dr. Rustamaji, M.Kes

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang : Kegiatan manusia bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mencapai hidup sejahtera. Kegiatan dalam skala yang besar dapat menimbulkan dampak terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan industrialisasi dan pertambangan merupakan kegiatan yang nyata memiliki dampak terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan tersebut memiliki skala yang besar dan bahkan dapat mengganggu keseimbangan lingkungan, akibatnya adalah terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan. Tujuan : Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran dampak kegiatan industri semen terhadap lingkungan disekitarnya, melihat upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan, bagaimana implementasinya, serta sikap dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap program dan lingkungan. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksploratif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan lapangan dan wawancara mendalam. Lokasi adalah blok permukiman terdekat di sekitar industri semen Palimanan. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Februari �¢ï¿½ï¿½ Juli tahun 2019. Sampel adalah masyarakat yang bermukim di blok permukiman terdekat sekitar pabrik. Total sampel adalah 28 orang. Pemilihan sampel secara purposive. Analisis data menggunakan teknik content analysis. Hasil: Kegiatan industri semen berdampak terhadap lingkungan yang menimbulkan hilangnya mata air, getaran, debu, kebisingan, debu, asap, dan rasa tidak aman dan tidak nyaman. Dampak terhadap kesehatan berupa sesak nafas, batuk, gatal, iritasi, dan alergi. Upaya-upaya pengelolaan lingkungan dilakukan dengan program-program CSR. Namun implementasi program kurang dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Bahkan beberapa program tidak solutif bagi masyarakat. Masyarakat sebagian besar masih berada pada level mengetahui saja, belum memahami, mengikuti, maupun memberikan imbal balik. Saran: Perusahaan melakukan evaluasi langsung di lapangan, perbaikan kualitas program dan tim pelaksana, perlunya sosialisasi tentang dampak kegiatan pabrik terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat. Program diharapkan berkelanjutan. Pemerintah daerah perlu memperhatikan kondisi masyarakat di sekitar kawasan industry.

Background: Human activities aim to meet the needs of achieving a prosperous life. Large scale activities can have an impact on the environment. Industrialization and mining activities are activities that have a real impact on the environment. These activities have a large scale and can even upset the environmental balance, the result is environmental damage. Objective: This study provides an overview of the impact of cement industry activities on the surrounding environment, looking at the efforts made by the company, how it is implemented, and the attitudes and behavior of the community towards the program and the environment. Method: This research is exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are done by field observations and in-depth interviews. The location is the closest settlement block around the Palimanan cement industry. The study was conducted in February - July 2019. Samples were people who lived in the closest residential blocks around the factory. The total sample is 28 people. Purposive sample selection. Data analysis using content analysis techniques. Result: The activities of the cement industry have an impact on the environment which results in loss of springs, vibrations, dust, noise, dust, smoke, and insecurity and discomfort. Impact on health in the form of shortness of breath, coughing, itching, irritation, and allergies. Environmental management efforts are carried out with CSR programs. But the implementation of the program was not felt by the community. Some programs are not even solution for the community. Most people are still at the level of knowing, not understanding, following, or giving feedback. Suggestion: The company conducts direct evaluation in the field, improves the quality of the program and the implementation team, the need for socialization about the impact of factory activities on the environment and society. The program is expected to be sustainable. Local governments need to pay attention to the condition of the community around the industrial area.

Kata Kunci : industri semen, dampak, lingkungan