TINJAUAN EKONOMI PERUBAHAN PENANAMAN RIJMPUT UNGGUL DENGAN TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Studi kasus di Desa Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta)

Santoso, Eko Budi, Ir. Rini Widiati, MS

2001 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bcrtujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat perubahan keuntungan yang diperoleh petani apabila melakukan perubahan penanaman rumput unggul dengan tanaman pangan berupa tanaman jagung manis Penelitian dilaksanakan raulai November 1999 sampai dengan Mei 2000. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan percobaan lapangan dan survai. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan dengan penanaman jagung manis pada lahan sawah seluas 200 m yang dibagi dalam tiga model yaitu model I seluas 60 m2 diberikan pupuk buatan (300 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP36, 100 0 • • • • kg/ha KC1), model II seluas 60 m diberikan kombinasi pupuk kandang dan buatan (10.000 kg/ha pupuk kotoraan sapi, 300 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP36, 100 kg/ha KC1), dan model III seluas 60 m2 diberikan pupuk kandang (20.000 kg/ha pupuk kotoran sapi) di KP4 UGM, Kalitirto, Berbah, Sleman. Pelaksanaan survei dilakukan terhadap petani yang menanam rumput unggul di desa Trimurti, Srandakan, Bantul dengan kondisi lahan yang sarna . Jumlah responden petani yang menanam rumput unggul ditentukan secara Quota Sampling sebanyak 10 responden. Data yang diambil pada percobaan lapangan meliputi biaya pupuk, benih, tenaga kerja, obat-obatan„ produksi jagung manis dan produksi hijauan (tebon). Pada survei lapangan data yang diambil adalah identitas responden, kepemilikan lahan, luas lahan yang dipakai untuk rumput unggul, biaya produksi penanaman rumput unggul, produksi rumput unggul, dan pendapatan. Data yang diperoleh dari kedua tahap penelitian dilakukan analisis biaya dan penerimaan, untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis anggaran parsial. Analisis anggaran parsial menunjukkan perubahan penanaman rumput menjadi jagung manis dengan model I menurunkan pendapatan petani sebesar Rp 3.569.099,74; model II meningkatkan pendapatan petani sebesar Rp 918.917,56; dan model III menurunkan pendapatan petani sebesar Rp 10.753.044,24 per hektar per tahun (Kata kunci : Rumput Unggul, Jagung Manis, Biaya Produksi, Penerimaan, Analisis Anggaran Parsial)

This study was conducted from November 1999 untill May 2000 to analyze the additional profit resulted from planting sweet corn instead of grass. The research was divided into two steps, field experiment and survey. The field experiment was done by planting sweet com on the 200 m of land which was divided into three plots, subjected to three models fertilization. Model 1 was on the 60 m2 of land that was given inorganic fertilizer (300 kg/ha urea, 100 kg SP36, 100 kg/ha KC1); model '"N II was on the 60 m of land that was given the combination the farm manure (10,000 kg/ha cattle manure) and the inorganic fertilizer (300 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP36, 100 kg/ha KC1); model III was on the 60 m of land that was given cattle manure amount of 20,000 kg/ha. This field experiment is located in Gadjah Mada University Research Expseriment Station, Kalitirto, Sleman. The survey was done to observe ten farmers producing grass in Trimurti, Srandakan, Bantul. The land condition was the same as that land in Kalitirto. Respondents were taken by quota sampling. Data collected were production cost (fertilizer, seed, labor and pestisides), yield of sweet com, and its by product. The other data were collected by survey consisted of respondent identities, land ownership, area of land that was planted by grass, production cost, grass production, and revenue. Cost revenue and partial budgeting analyses were performed. Partial budgeting analysis showed that farmers planted sweet com with model II got additional profit of Rp 918,917.56; but if they planted sweet com with model I and model III farmers got lost Rp 3,569,099.74 and Rp 10,753,044.24 per ha per year, respectively. (Key Words: Grass, Sweet Com, Cost Production, Revenue, Partial Budgeting Analysis)

Kata Kunci : Rumput Unggul, Jagung Manis, Biaya Produksi, Penerimaan, Analisis Anggaran Parsial