Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza Multispora Dan Dosis Pupuk Majemuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Serapan Hara Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Pada Bahan Gambut Ombrogen Pelalawan Riau

ANGGA ADE SAHFITRA, Dr. Ir. Eko Hanudin M.P. ; Dr.Agr. Cahyo Wulandari, S.P, M.P.

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU TANAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas mikoriza multispora (FMM) dan pupuk anorganik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan serapan NPK oleh jagung manis pada gambut ombrogen dari Riau. Penelitian di rumah plastik ini menggunakan rancangan acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor dengan lima ulangan. Faktor pertama perlakuan tanpa mikoriza dan dengan mikoriza multispora. Faktor kedua terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu P0 (tanpa pupuk), PM-1 atau pupuk majemuk 1campuran 3,15g Urea+1,4g SP 36+1,05g KCl +14g Dolomit), PM-2 pupuk majemuk 2 (campuran 6,3g Urea+2,8g SP36+ 2,1g KCl + 28g Dolomit). Kombinasi perlakuan dengan mikoriza diperoleh keragaan tanaman yang paling baik terhadap seluruh karakter agronomis yaitu tinggi tanaman, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, persentase akar terinfeksi, dan populasi spora. Efektivitas biomassa N tertinggi 1,77 g.g1, P 3,98 g.g.-1, dan K tertinggi 5,30 g.g-1, sedangkan efektivitas serapan hara N,P, dan K meningkat sebesar 31,49% (N), 12,63% (P), dan 28,67%(K).

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mycorrhizal fungal multi-spores and inorganic fertilizers in increasing NPK uptake and growth of maize on ombrogenous peat soil in Riau. The experiment, conducted in the plastic house, was arranged in a two-factor completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five replications. The first factor was the application of mycorrhizal fungal multi-spores consisting of two levels, namely with and without the application. The second factor was the application of compound fertilizer consisting of three levels, namely P0, PM-1 or compound fertilizer 1 (mixture of 3,15g Urea + 1,4g SP-36 + 1,05g KCl + 14g Dolomite), and PM-2 or compound fertilizer 2 (mixture of 6,3g Urea+2,8g SP36+ 2,1g KCl + 28g Dolomite). The plants treated with mycorrhizal fungal multi-spores showed the best performance in all agronomic characters, namely plant height, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, percentage of infected roots, and spore populations. The highest effectiveness of N, P, and K biomass was 1.77 g.g-1, 3.98 g.g-1, and 5.30 g.g-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of nutrient uptake of N, P, and K increased by 31.49% (N), 12, 63% (P), and 28.67% (K).

Kata Kunci : Jagung Manis, lahan gambut, mikoriza multispora, infeksi mikoriza, pupuk Urea, Pupuk SP36, Pupuk KCl, Pupuk Dolomit.