Analisis Risiko dan Penentuan Teknik Mitigasi Peristiwa Pelolosan Amonia (NH3) dengan Menggunakan Fault Tree Analysis dan Pemodelan Dispersi Gauss pada Perangkat Lunak ALOHA di PT. Sarihusada Generasi Mahardhika 2 Klaten, Jawa Tengah

NIKITA, Ir. Haryono Budi Santosa, M.Sc.; Fadli Kasim, S.T., M.Sc.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK FISIKA

PT. Sarihusada Generasi Mahardhika 2 memiliki 1 unit penyimpanan NH3 cair yang digunakan sebagai bahan pendingin dalam proses pembuatan susu. Penyimpanan NH3 memiliki potensi pelolosan material NH3 ke atmosfir dan paparannya terhadap pekerja di sekitar pabrik dapat menyebabkan kecideraan hingga kematian. Adanya potensi dari penyimpanan NH3 menunjukkan perlunya mitigasi terhadap bahayanya. Penentuan teknik mitigasi berbasis risiko dilakukan dengan memperoleh distribusi risiko dengan pemodelan di ALOHA, mendapatkan nilai risiko dengan menggunakan fault tree analysis di setiap distribusi risiko, dilanjutkan dengan menetapkan teknik-teknik mitigasi pada distribusi risiko sehingga didapatkan nilai penurunan risiko. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah distribusi risiko pelolosan NH3 di Sarihusada, yaitu zona merah sejauh 18 meter, zona oranye sejauh 55 meter dan zona kuning sejauh 129 meter. Hasil analisis probit menunjukkan risiko kematian hanya terdapat di zona merah dengan nilai risiko sebanyak kematian 2 orang, sehingga teknik mitigasi dipilih untuk zona merah. Standar keselamatan perusahaan mengharuskan risiko kematian sebesar nol sehingga risiko kematian direduksi sampai nol dengan tindakan rekayasa keteknikan dan regulasi peraturan terkait keselamatan yang berlaku di perusahaan. Teknik mitigasi berupa rekaya keteknikan berdasarkan karakteristik respon dosis NH3 di zona merah berupa chemical barrier dan prosedur kerja.

PT. Sarihusada Generasi Mahardhika 2 is a milk-producing company that has 1 storage unit of liquid NH3 which is used as the refrigerant in the milk production. Storage of NH3 has the potential to release NH3 material into the atmosphere and its exposure to workers around the plant can cause injury and even death. The hazard potential of NH3 storage indicates the need for mitigation plans. Determination of risk-based mitigation techniques is done by obtaining risk distribution by modeling in ALOHA, obtaining risk values using a fault tree analysis at each risk distribution, followed by establishing mitigation techniques on risk distribution so that the risk reduction value is obtained. The results of this study are the risk distribution of NH3 potential release in Sarihusada defined as threat zones. The red zone is as far as 18 meters, the orange zone is as far as 55 meters and the yellow zone is as far as 129 meters. The red zone has the potential of death for 2 workers, the orange zone has the potential of disabling injury for 2 workers in the CNG station, and the yellow zone has the potential of odor and minor injury for 0 workers. The result of the probit analysis shows that the risk of death is only found in the red zone with the risk value of 2 deaths so that mitigation techniques are chosen for the red zone. Company safety standards require a zero risk of death so that the risk of death is reduced to zero with engineering actions and regulations related to safety applicable in the company. The mitigation technique is engineering design based on the response characteristics of NH3 doses in the red zone in the form of water spray and working procedures.

Kata Kunci : amonia, analisis risiko, teknik mitigasi, ALOHA, fault tree analysis, reduksi risiko