KUALITAS FISIK DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAGING SAPI AUSTRALIAN COMMERCIAL CROSS YANG DIBERI PAKAN KONVENSIONAL DAN COMPLETE FEED

Lukito, Tunggul Hadi , Ir. Setiyono, SU

2004 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik dan kimia daging sapi Australian Commercial Cross (ACC) yang diberi pakan konvensional (CF) dan complete feed (PL). Sejumlah 24 ekor sapi ACC steer dan heifer berat badan (BB) awal 310 sampai 330kg umur satu setengah sampai dua tahun terbagi dalam empat flok berdasar kelompok pakan dan jenis kelamin. Pakan diberikan dua kali, yaitu pagi jam 08.00 dan sore jam 15.00 WIB dengan lama pemeliharaan selama 12 minggu. Sampel diambil dari otot bagian Longissimus dorsi. Pemotongan sebanyak 3 ekor setiap kelompok. Sampel diamati kualitas fisik (nilai pH, water-holding capacity, susut masak dan keempukan) dan kandungan kimia (air, protein, kolesterol dan abu). Data dianalisis dengan analisis variansi pola faktorial (2x2), dua faktor perlakuan pakan dan dua faktor jenis kelamin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata pada nilai pH, susut masak dan keempukan. Nilai water-holding capacity (WHC) kelompok PL lebih tinggi dibanding CF, dan kelompok steer lebih tinggi dibanding heifer. Kandungan air dan abu daging kelompok steer lebih tinggi dibanding heifer, tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata pada perlakuan pakan. Kandungan protein daging kelompok PL lebih tinggi dibanding CF dan kelompok steer lebih tinggi dibanding heifer. Kandungan kolesterol daging kelompok CF lebih tinggi dibanding PL dan tidak ada perbedaan nyata pada perbedaan jenis kelamin. Secara umum kualitas fisik dan kimia daging sapi ACC yang diberi PL lebih baik daripada CF dan steer lebih baik daripada heifer. Interaksi terjadi antara perlakuan pakan dan jenis kelamin pada nilai pH, WHC, susut masak dan kandungan protein. Kata Kunci : Daging, Kualitas Fisik, Komposisi Kimia, Sapi ACC Steer, Sapi ACC Heifer, Pakan Konvensional, Complete Feed.

The experiment was conducted to find out the physical and chemical quality of Australian Commercial Cross (ACC) fed with conventional feed (CF) and complete feed (PL). Twenty four steers and heifers of about 310 to 330kg of initial bodyweight (BW) aged one and a half to two years were ditributed into four groups as feed groups and sex groups. The feed were given twice in the morning at 08.00 and in the afternoon at 15.00 WIB during fattening for 12 weeks. The samples were taken from Longissimus dorsi muscle. Three cattle were slaughtered on each groups. The samples were observed on physical quality (pH value, water-holding capacity, cooking loss and tenderness), and on the chemical composition (water, protein, cholesterol and ash). The data were analysed by analysis of variance of factorial pattern, two feed treatment factors and two sex factors. The results showed that there were not significant differences on pH value, cooking loss and tenderness. The waterholding capacity (WHC) of PL group was higher than that of CF and the steer group was higher than that of heifer group. The meat water and ash value of steer group was higher than that of heifer and there were not significant differences on feed treatment. The meat protein value of PL group was higher than that of CF and the steer group was higher than that of heifer group. The meat cholesterol value of CF group was higher than that of PL and there were not significant differences on sex difference. Generally, the physical quality and chemical composition of the meat of ACC fed with PL was better than that of CF, and the steer was better than the heifer. There were interractions between feed treatment and sex on pH value, WHC, cooking loss and protein value. Key words : Meat, Physical Quality, Chemical Composition, ACC-Steer, ACC-Heifer, Conventional Feed, Complete Feed.

Kata Kunci : Daging, Kualitas Fisik, Komposisi Kimia, Sapi ACC Steer, Sapi ACC Heifer, Pakan Konvensional, Complete Feed