ZONASI KAWASAN DAN IDENTIFIKASI EFEK LINGKUNGAN UNTUK EVALUASI FASE PERKEMBANGAN EKOWISATA SIKUNIR, DESA SEMBUNGAN, KECAMATAN KEJAJAR, KABUPATEN WONOSOBO

PRADEVIRA PRAGNA PARAMITA , Dr.rer.nat. Muhammad Anggri Setiawan, M.Si.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Zonasi dapat membantu manajemen ekowisata agar upaya perlindungan dan konservasi sesuai dengan sensitivitas lingkungan ekologis. Namun secara global menunjukkan banyak pelanggaran kaidah kelestarian kawasan alami karena sulitnya menjembatani antara aspek ekologi dan ekonomi yang menyebabkan istilah ekowisata baur dengan pengertian sebenarnya. Efek lingkungan muncul akibat ketimpangan antar dua aspek tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan zonasi dan identifikasi efek lingkungan ekowisata Sikunir. Efek lingkungan diidentifikasi menggunakan konsep prosedur EIA. Analisis efek lingkungan dilakukan melalui ilustrasi Causal Loop Diagram. Fase perkembangan ekowisata dianalisis menggunakan konsep TALC (Tourism Area Life Cycle Model). Ekowisata Sikunir terbagi menjadi tiga zona utama yaitu zona inti, zona penyangga, dan zona pengembangan. Efek lingkungan ekowisata terbagi menjadi tiga kategori yaitu berat, sedang, ringan. Area Puncak Sikunir, Telaga Cebong, dan lahan pertanian memiliki efek lingkungan terberat. Fase perkembangan ekowisata Sikunir berdasarkan TALC berada pada tahap stagnan yang didukung dengan persepsi bahwa ekowisata telah mencapai batas atas dalam hal kemampuan untuk menerima dan melayani jumlah pengunjung berdasarkan identifikasi efek lingkungan kawasan ekowisata dan kondisi di lapangan.

Ecotourism zoning could help to implement management so that protection and conservation efforts were adjusted to ecological sensitivity and land use. However, protection and conservation efforts globally showed many violations of the rules of natural area preservation because of the difficulty of bridging the ecological and economic aspects that cause the term ecotourism to blend with the real understanding. Environmental effects were contributions that arised due to inequality between these two aspects. The study aimed to conduct ecotourism zoning and identify environmental effects to analyze the phase of Sikunir ecotourism development. Environmental effects were identified using the EIA procedure concept. Analysis of environmental effects was done through illustration of the Causal Loop Diagram which illustrates the causal relationship of stressors with receptors. The phase of ecotourism development was analyzed using the TALC concept (Tourism Area Life Cycle Model). Sikunir ecotourism was divided into three main zones, namely the core zone, buffer zone, and development zone. Ecotourism environmental effects were divided into three categories, namely heavy, moderate, mild. Sikunir Peak area, Telaga Cebong area, and agricultural land area had the heaviest environmental effects. The development phase of Sikunir ecotourism based on TALC was at a stagnant stage supported by the perception that ecotourism had reached the upper limit in terms of the ability to receive and serve the number of visitors based on the identification of ecotourism's environmental effects and conditions in Sikunir.

Kata Kunci : ekowisata Sikunir, efek lingkungan, pembangunan berkelanjutan, ecotourism Sikunir, physical environmental effects, sustainable development