Kajian Daya Dukung Lahan Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan Rumahtangga Tani di Desa Banjarharjo Kecamatan Kalibawang Kabupaten Kulonprogo

ALVIYAH DANIATI, Dr. Sudrajat, M.P

2019 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI LINGKUNGAN

Alih fungsi lahan terjadi dalam beberapa waktu terakhir membuat luas lahan pertanian mengalami penurunan khususnya di Desa Banjarharjo, sehingga memengaruhi daya dukung lahan pertaniannya. Salah satu dampak dari luas lahan pertanian yang menurun adalah pendapatan petani menjadi sedikit, sehingga memengaruhi pola konsumsi pangan rumahtangganya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dukung lahan pertanian, mengetahui ketahanan pangan, dan mengidentifikasi Hubungan antar keduanya. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Parameter daya dukung lahan pertanian dan ketahanan dirumuskan berdasarkan studi literatur dan wawancara. Parameter untuk mengetahui status ketahanan pangan yakni proporsi pengeluaran pangan dan tingkat konsumsi energi rumahtangga. Uji korelasi Spearman rho dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara daya dukung lahan pertanian dan ketahanan pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung lahan pertanian di Desa Banjarharjo dalam lima tahun terakhir termasuk dalam klasifikasi kelas II yang berarti Desa Banjarharjo mampu melakukan swasembada pangan namun belum mampu memberikan penghidupan yang layak bagi penduduknya. Hal ini disebabka karena luas lahan pertanian yang cenderung stabil sehingga memengaruhi produksi padinya. Status ketahanan pangan rumahtangga tani di Desa Banjarharjo cukup bervariasi berdasarkan observasi terhadap 89 responden. Ketahanan pangan rumahtangga tertinggi terdapat pada status rentan pangan yakni sebesar 37,08%, status kurang pangan terdapat sebesar 33,71%, status tahan pangan terdapat sebesar 19,10%, dan status rawan pangan seebsar 10,11%. Daya dukung lahan pertanian dan ketahanan pangan rumahtangga tani memiliki hubungan yang positif. Hal ini berarti keduanya memiliki hubungan yang searah. Hubungan antar keduanya memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat. Semakin tinggi nilai daya dukung lahan pertanian maka semakin baik ketahanan pangannya. Sebaliknya, semakin rendah nilai daya dukung lahan pertanian maka semakin buruk ketahanan pangannya.

The land use has changed in recent times, it decreased the area of agricultural land especially in Desa Banjarharjo, thus affecting the carrying capacity of agricultural land. One of the impacts of decreasing agricultural land area is that farmers income is getting smaller, which influences their household food consumption patterns. Therefore, this study aims to determine the carrying capacity of agricutural land, determine food security, and identify relationships between both of them. The method used in this research is quantitive descriptive analysis. The parameters of carrying capacity of agricultural land and food security are formulated based on literature studies and interviews. The status of food security can be known from proportion of food expenditure and the level of household energy consumption paramters. The Spearman rho correlation test was conducted to identify interrelatedness between carrying capacity of agricultural land and food security. The results of this study showed that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Desa Banjarharjo in the last five years was included in the class II classification, it means that Desa Banjarharjo is capable to food self-sufficiency, but it has been not able to provide decent living for its population. This is because the area of agricultural land tends to be stable so that it affects the production of rice. The status of farmers household food security in Desa Banjarharjo is quite varied based on observations of 89 respondents. The highest household food security was found in food vulnerable status which was 37,08%, the status of lack of food was 33,71%, food security status was 19,10%, and food insecurity status was 10,11%. The carrying capacity of agricultural land and food security of farmers household has a positive interrelatedness. It means that both of them have a direct relationship. The interrelatedness between both of them has a very strong relationship. The higher the value of carrying capacity of agricultural land, the better the food security. Conversely, the lower the value of carrying capacity of agricultural land, the worse food security.

Kata Kunci : Desa Banjarharjo, Daya Dukung Lahan Pertanian, Ketahanan Pangan