KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA TANI LAHAN PASIR PANTAI DI DESA SRIGADING KECAMATAN SANDEN KABUPATEN BANTUL

ASYIFA RAHMITA ZAHRA, Dr. Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo, M.Ec.; Prof. Dr. Ir. Masyhuri

2019 | Skripsi | S1 EKONOMI PERTANIAN DAN AGRIBISNIS

Sebagian besar penduduk Desa Srigading bekerja sebagai petani lahan pasir pantai. Walaupun demikian, produksi bahan pangan di desa tersebut belum mampu mencukupi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena lahan pasir pantai belum dapat dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya pangan pokok, seperti padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pangsa pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga tani, menganalisis konsumsi energi rumah tangga tani, mengkaji tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tani, dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tani. Metode dasar penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan penentuan lokasi menggunakan pendekatan purposive. Sampel responden berjumlah 30 petani yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Ketahanan pangan dianalisis menggunakan indikator silang antara pangsa pengeluaran pangan dengan konsumsi energi dari Jonsson dan Toole (1991) dalam Maxwell et al. (2000). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketahanan pangan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda dan dicerminkan dari konsumsi energi per kapita per hari. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pangsa pengeluaran pangan 93,33% rumah tangga tani termasuk dalam kategori rendah, konsumsi energi dari 73,33% rumah tangga tani termasuk dalam kategori kurang. Sedangkan hasil analisis tingkat ketahanan pangan, 26,67% termasuk dalam rumah tangga tahan pangan, 63,33% kurang pangan, 6,67% rentan pangan, dan 3,33% rawan pangan. Tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tani dipengaruhi secara positif oleh pendidikan ibu rumah tangga dan pendapatan rumah tangga, serta dipengaruhi secara negatif oleh harga cabai.

Most of villager in Srigading worked as sand coastal farmers. However, food production in the village is not able to fulfilled household needs yet. This is because the land has not been used to cultivate food crop, such as paddy. This study aims to analyze share of food expenditure, analyze the energy consumption, assess the food security level, and analyze factors that affect food security level of farm households. The basic method of this research is survey method and location is chosen purposively. Sample of respondents are 30 farmers who determined by purposive sampling method. Food security was analyzed by cross indicator between share of food expenditure and energy consumption from Jonsson and Toole (1991) in Maxwell et al. (2000). Factors that affect food security level are analyzed with multiple linear regression and reflected by energy consumption per capita a day. The results show that, share of food expenditure on 93.33% of farm households are included in low category, energy consumption on 73.33% of farm households are included in deficient category. Based on food security level, 26.67% of farm households categorized as food secure, 63.33% of farm households categorized as food less secure, 6.67% of farm households categorized as food vulnerable, and 3.33% of farm households categorized as food insecure. Food security level of farm households are positively affected by housewife's education and household income, and negatively affected by chili's price.

Kata Kunci : usahatani lahan pasir pantai, ketahanan pangan, rumah tangga tani.