PENGARUH SEKEKTOMI DAN LEVEL SERAT KASAR PADA RANSUM ITIK MANILA TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN BAGIAN-BAGIANNYA

Amran, Prof. Ir. Tri Yuwanta, S.U., DEA.

2003 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh level serat kasar pada ransum Itik Manila sekektomi terhadap persentase karkas, lemak abdomen bagianbagiannya yang meliputi dada, paha, punggung dan sayap. Dalam penelitian ini empat puluh dua ekor itik Manila jantan umur enam minggu dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kondisi normal (berseka) dan sekektomi. Tiap kelompok dibagi menjadi tiga perlakuan level serat kasar (5, 10 dan 15%), sehingga terdapat enam kelompok perlakuan dan setiap kelompok terdapat 7 ekor ulangan individual. Variabel yang diamati meliputi persentase karkas, lemak abdomen, dada, paha, punggung dan sayap. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2x3, kemudian dilanjutkan uji Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekektomi itik Manila tidak berbeda nyata terhadap persentase karkas yaitu masing-masing 56,86% untuk itik normal dan 57,55% untuk sekektomi, lemak abdomen untuk itik normal 1,21% dan . sekektomi 1,43% dan bagian-bagiannya meliputi dada, paha, punggung dan sayap. Level serat kasar ransum sebesar 5, 10 dan 15% berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap persentase lemak abdomen, namun tidak berbeda nyata terhadap persentase karkas dan bagian-bagiannya. Level serat kasar ransum 5% memberikan lemak abdomen lebih tinggi (1,96%) di banding dengan 15% (0,72%) namun tidak berbeda antara level 5% -(1/ 96%) dengan 10% (1,27%) dan antara 10% (1,27%) dengan 15% (0,72%),. Terdapat interaksi antara sekektomi dengan level serat kasar ransum pada itik Manila terhadap persentase lemak abdomen (P<0,05), namun tidak terdapat interaksi terhadap persentase karkas dan bagian-bagiannya. Interaksi antara itik Manila normal dengan level serat kasar 5% memberikan lemak abdomen tertinggi (2,13%) dibandingkan dengan 10% (0,72%) dan 15% (0,78%), sedangkan interaksi antara itik Manila sekektomi dengan level serat kasar 15% memberikan lemak abdomen terendah (0,67%) dibandingkan dengan 10% (1,81%) dan 5% (1,80%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa dengan meningkatnya level serat kasar pada ransum itik Manila dapat menurunkan persentase lemak abdomen. (Kata Kunci : Itik Manila, Sekektomi, Karkas)

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of crude fiber (CF) levelin the ratio of caecatomy Muscovy duck on percentages of carcass, portion abdominal fat namely: breast, thigh, back and wings portions. Forty two male Muscovy ducks at six weeks old were used in this study and they were grouped into two groups of normal condition (control group) and caecatomy group. Each group then divided into three (3) treatments of crude fiber level of 5, 10 and 15% ); those there were 6 combination trials of 7 ducks as a replication. Parameter measurements were percentage of carcass, abdominal fat, percentages of breast, thigh, back and wings. The collected data were analyzed by using a 2 x 3 factorials of variance analyses (CRD), followed by testing for significant means by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT ). The results indicated that there were no significant difference between caecatomy trial and normally Muscovy duck on carcass percentage (56.86% versus 57.55% ) as a normal versus caecatomy duck; abdominal fat was 1.21% vs 1.43% , and it portion weight of breast, thigh, back and wings, respectively. On the contrary, there were significant effect (P < 0,01) between crude fiber-supplementation of 5, 10 and 15% on percentage abdominal fat; however, no affect significantly on carcass and portion percentages, respectively. The level of 5% drude fiber resulted the higher abdominal fat ( 1.96% ) than 15% CF (0.72% ), but no differ between 5% with 10% CF ( 1.27%) and between 10% CF (1.27%) with 15% CF (0.72%). There were interactions between caecatomy trial and CF level on carcass (PC0.05), however, no interaction son portion percentages, respectively. The normally duck with 5% CF levelresulted the highest (2.13% ) than the 10% CF ( 0.72%) and 15% CF (0.78% ) levels; but the caecatomy trial with 15% CF level combination resulted the lowest abdominal fat (0.67%) compared to 10% CF (1.81% ) and 5% CF (1.80% ). The concluded of this study that improving of crude fiber supplementation into Muscovy duck ration decreased abdominal fat percentage. ( Key Words: Muscovy Duck, Caecatomy, Carcass)

Kata Kunci : Itik Manila, Sekektomi, Karkas