PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN DAN SERANGAN HAMA TERHADAP PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH

OCFRIAN SURATNO PUTRA, Prof. Dr. Ir. F.X. Wagiman, S.U.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 PROTEKSI TANAMAN

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk suplemen terhadap produksi bawang merah dan untuk mengetahui potensi kehilangan hasil panen akibat serangan hama. Pupuk suplemen berisi hormon pertumbuhan ZPT (Asam Gibberelin, Asam Indol Asetat, Kinetin, dan Zeatin). Penelitian dilaksanakan di dalam screen house dengan lima perlakuan cara aplikasi - yaitu bibit direndam, disiram (0 hst dan 7 hst), disemprot pada konsentrasi 2 cc / l, dan Kontrol - dan tiga ulangan dalam rancangan percobaan RCBD. Kajian potensi serangan hama dilaksanakan pada pertanaman bawang merah di Kecamatan Wates (Desa Giripeni) dan Kecamatan Panjatan (Desa Gotakan I, Gotakan II, dan Gotakan III) Kabupaten Kulonprogo pada musim tanam Januari - Maret 2019. Sampel bawang merah sehat dan terserang hama masing-masing sebanyak 30 rumpun diambil dengan metode purposive sampling, kemudian intensitas kerusakan dan hasil panennya diamati. Intensitas kerusakan dan hasil panen dari sampel tanaman terserang dibandingkan dengan yang dari sampel tanaman sehat dengan uji t alfa 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk suplemen di bawah kondisi screen house tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan faktor produksi bawang merah. Hama yang menyerang bawang merah dalam musim tanam tersebut adalah Liriomyza spp. dan Spodoptera exigua. Serangan kompleks hama menurunkan signifikan hasil panen berat bersih umbi bawang merah sebesar 27.05 ± 11.06%.

The study aimed to determine the effect of supplement fertilizer on shallot production and to determine the potential loss of crop yield due to pest attacks. The fertilizer containing plant growth hormones (Gibberelin Acid, Indol Acetate Acid, Kinetin, and Zeatin). The research was carried out in the screen house with five treatments of application method - namely soaked seeds, watered (0 and 7 DAP), sprayed at a concentration of 2 cc / l. and control - and three replications in the RCBD experimental design. The study of potential pest attacks was carried out in shallot plantations in Wates District (Giripeni Village) and Panjatan District (Gotakan I Village, Gotakan II Village, and Gotakan III Village) Kulonprogo Regency, during the January - March 2019 planting season. Healthy shallot samples and attacked by pests each of 30 clumps were taken by purposive sampling method, then the intensity of damage and crop yields were observed. The intensity of damage and yields from samples of attacked plants compared with those from healthy plant samples with t alfa 0.05 test. The results showed that the application methods of supplement fertilizer under the conditions of the screen house did not affect the growth and production factors of shallots. The pests that attacked onion in the growing season were Liriomyza spp. and Spodoptera exigua. The attack of pest complex reduced significantly the yield of clean onion bulbs by 27.05 ± 11.06%.

Kata Kunci : bawang merah, pupuk suplemen, Liriomyza spp, Spodoptera exigua