PENGARUH PERBEDAAN UMUR SAPIH TERHADAP KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN MORTALITAS ANAK KELINCI REX

BAGUS SUDRAJAT, Prof. Dr. Ir. Endang Baliarti, SU.; Ir. Panjono, S. Pt., Ph.D., IPM.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur penyapihan terhadap mortalitas dan kinerja pertumbuhan anak kelinci Rex. Penelitian menggunakan 30 ekor anak kelinci yang berasal dari tiga kelompok penyapihan berbeda yaitu umur empat minggu (P1), enam minggu (P2), dan delapan minggu (P3). Anak kelinci lepas sapih dipelihara pada kandang kelompok kemudian diberi pakan pellet komersil secara ad libitum, dan dipelihara sampai umur 12 minggu. Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi bahan kering (BK), avarage day gain (ADG), feed convertin ratio (FCR), dan mortalitas. BK, ADG, dan FCR dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi pola searah, apabila terjadi perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan New Multiple Range Test. Mortalitas dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Pada umur 5 minggu konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR P1 berturut-turut sebesar 8,02 ± 0,56 % BK; 32,76 ± 1,75 g/hari, dan 1,56 ± 0,90. Konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR tersebut masih dalam kisaran normal. Pada minggu ketujuh didapatkan konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR P1 dan P2 berturut-turut masing-masing adalah 7,08 ± 0,59, dan 6,96 ± 0,38 % BK; 23,31 ± 8,57, dan 31,39 ± 12,49 g/hari, serta 2,46 ± 1,33; dan 2,34 ± 1,22. Konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR antara P1 dan P2 berbeda tidak nyata dan masih dalam kisaran normal. Pada minggu kesembilan didapatkan konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR P1, P2 dan P3 berturut-turut masing-masing adalah 5,84 ± 0,74; 5,86 ± 0,57; dan 4,98 ± 0,19 % BK; 23,98 ± 5,71; 31,02 ± 7,28; dan 32,96 ± 5,28 g/hari; serta 3,50 ± 1,12; 2,69 ± 0,85; dan 2,05 ± 0,24. Konsumsi BK P3 lebih rendah (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 dan P2, ADG P1 lebih rendah (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P2 dan P3, sedangkan FCR P3 lebih rendah (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1. Akan tetapi nilai konsumsi BK, ADG, dan FCR masih dalam kisaran normal. Angka mortalitas P1, P2, dan P3 berturut-turut sebesar 30, 20, dan 20%. Sebagian besar kelinci mati pada minggu kedelapan. Disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan umur penyapihan antara empat, enam, dan delapan minggu tidak mempengaruhi kinerja pertumbuhan dan mortalitas anak kelinci Rex.

This study aimed to assess the effect of age at weaning on mortality and growth performance of Rex rabbit. A total of 30 kids were weaned at different ages of 4 (P1), 6 (P2) and 8 weeks (P3). The weaned rabbits were further raised until 12 weeks of age in the collective cages and fed a commercial pellet feed ad libitum. Data on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and significant means were determined using Duncan's Multiple Range Test, while data on mortality were analyzed using descriptive quantitative. At 5 weeks of age, the DMI, ADG, and FCR of P1 were found to be 8.02 ± 0.56 %DM, 32.76 ± 1.75 g/day and 1.56 ± 0.90, respectively. DMI, ADG, and FCR values were in normal ranges. At 7 weeks of age, DMI, ADG, and FCR of P1 and P2 were 7.08 ± 0.59, and 6.96 ± 0.38 %DM, 23.31 ± 8.57, and 31.39 ± 12.49 g/day and 2.46 ± 1.33, and 2.34 ± 1.22, respectively. There was no significant difference DMI, ADG, and FCR between them and in normal ranges. At 9 weeks of age, of P1, P2, and P3 were the DMI, ADG, and FCR were found 5.84 ± 0.74, 5.86 ± 0.57, and 4.98 ± 0.19 %DM, 23.98 ± 5.71, 31.02 ± 7.28, and 32.96 ± 5.28 g/day and 3.50 ± 1.12, 2.69 ± 0.85, and 2.05 ± 0.24, respectively. The DMI of P3 was lower (P<0.05) than that of P1 and P2, the ADG of P1 was lower (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3, and the FCR of P3 was lower (P<0.05) that than of P1. However, DMI, ADG, and FCR value among of group were in the normal ranges. Mortality rate of P1, P2, and P3 were 30, 20, and 20%, respectively. Most of the rabbits died at week of 8. It can be concluded that different weaning age among 4, 6, and 8 weeks doesn't affect growth performance and mortality rate of Rex rabbit.

Kata Kunci : Kelinci Rex, Umur penyapihan, Konsumsi BK, ADG, FCR, Tingkat mortalitas