Ragam dan Kategori Program dalam Smart Mobility (Kasus Beberapa Kota di Dunia)

ADELLIA NAURA FATINA, Prof. Ir. Achmad Djunaedi, MURP., Ph.D.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Saat ini, konsep smart city sudah banyak diterapkan di berbagai kota di dunia. Smart city sendiri memiliki beberapa dimensi, salah satunya adalah smart mobility. Program dalam smart mobility juga sudah banyak diterapkan di berbagai kota. Penerapan program smart mobility di berbagai kota di dunia berbeda-beda atau beragam karena kondisi dan kebutuhan tiap kota berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya pengkategorian program smart mobility yang beragam tersebut berdasarkan kesamaan atau kemiripan karakteristik. Pada tahun 2018, Brcic, dkk sudah membuat kategori program smart mobility. Namun karena perkembangan smart mobility sangat cepat, maka pengkategorian menurut Brcic, dkk tersebut perlu diperbarui untuk menyesuaikan kondisi eksisting di lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik analisis isi. Terdapat 16 kota amatan penelitian berdasarkan peringkat smart mobility dari Juniper Research (2017) dan ketersediaan data yang dapat diakses melalui internet. Pembahasan dan analisis pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahapan. Analisis yang pertama adalah analisis keragaman dan pengkategorian program dalam smart mobility yang sudah diterapkan di 16 kota amatan. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis komparasi atau perbandingan program smart mobility antarkota yang berbeda. Program-program smart mobility yang sudah diterapkan pada kota amatan dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 12 kategori, yaitu autonomous vehicle, bike sharing, integrated fare management, personal travel assistant, public transportation app, real-time traveler information, ride sharing, road user charger, smart card, smart parking, traffic management, dan vehicle telecommunication. Walaupun sudah dikelompokkan berdasarkan kesamaan atau kemiripan karakteristik, perbedaan penerapan program smart mobility juga ditemukan pada kategori yang sama karena penerapan program smart mobility menyesuaikan kondisi dan kebutuhan masing-masing kota.

Now, smart city is widely applied in several cities in the world. Smart city itself has six dimensions, one of it is smart mobility. Smart mobility programs have been implemented in several cities in the world. The implementation of smart mobility programs in several cities in the world are varies because the conditions and needs of each city are different. Therefore, it is necessary to categorize these various smart mobility programs based on the similarity of characteristics. In 2018, Brcic, et al. have made a category of smart mobility programs. However, the development of smart mobility is very fast, so the categorization according to Brcic, et al. needs to be updated to adjust the existing conditions. This research uses explorative methods with qualitative approaches and content analysis techniques. There are 16 cities in this research based on the ranking of smart mobility from Juniper Research (2017) and the availability of data that can be accessed through the internet. The analysis of this research consists of two stages. The first stage is analysis of variety and categorization of smart mobility programs that has been implemented in 16 cities. The second stage is a comparison between the implementation of smart mobility programs in one city and another that different. Smart mobility programs that have been implemented in 16 cities can be grouped to 12 categories. The categories are autonomous vehicle, bike sharing, integrated fare management, personal travel assistant, public transportation app, real-time traveler information, ride sharing, road user charger, smart card, smart parking, traffic management, and vehicle telecommunication. Although it has been grouped based on the similarity of characteristics, the differences in the implementation of smart mobility programs also can be found in the same category, because the implementation of smart mobility programs adjust the conditions and needs of each city.

Kata Kunci : smart city, smart mobility, variety, category, comparison